SEM regression results for the influence of background factors on TPB constructs across each hemp product
| Mediator and Background factor | CBD | Clothing | Food | Personal care | Pet products | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coefficient | SE | Coefficient | SE | Coefficient | SE | Coefficient | SE | Coefficient | SE | ||
| ATT | Age | −0.68*** | 0.08 | −0.46*** | 0.11 | −0.61*** | 0.12 | −0.60*** | 0.08 | −0.70*** | 0.14 |
| Education | −0.08 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.10 | −0.05 | 0.10 | −0.04 | 0.08 | −0.07 | 0.12 | |
| Income | 0.00 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.20** | 0.10 | −0.02 | 0.08 | 0.24** | 0.12 | |
| Female | 0.01 | 0.07 | −0.17* | 0.09 | −0.13 | 0.09 | −0.04 | 0.07 | −0.02 | 0.12 | |
| Democrat | 0.20** | 0.09 | 0.16 | 0.12 | −0.01 | 0.12 | 0.14 | 0.09 | 0.19 | 0.14 | |
| Independent | −0.03 | 0.09 | −0.05 | 0.13 | −0.16 | 0.13 | −0.10 | 0.09 | 0.00 | 0.15 | |
| Other political aff | 0.14 | 0.18 | 0.36* | 0.21 | 0.10 | 0.27 | 0.45* | 0.18 | 0.42* | 0.25 | |
| BIPOC | −0.18** | 0.08 | −0.05 | 0.11 | −0.15 | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.08 | −0.05 | 0.15 | |
| South | −0.06 | 0.10 | −0.02 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.13 | −0.09 | 0.10 | 0.04 | 0.16 | |
| Northeast | −0.05 | 0.11 | −0.01 | 0.15 | 0.03 | 0.15 | −0.13 | 0.12 | −0.01 | 0.19 | |
| Midwest | −0.10 | 0.11 | −0.11 | 0.14 | 0.00 | 0.14 | −0.27** | 0.11 | −0.05 | 0.17 | |
| SN | Age | −0.76*** | 0.08 | −0.80*** | 0.11 | −0.78*** | 0.12 | −0.67*** | 0.08 | −1.01*** | 0.17 |
| Education | −0.13 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0.06 | 0.11 | 0.01 | 0.08 | −0.16 | 0.13 | |
| Income | −0.03 | 0.08 | 0.00 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.00 | 0.08 | 0.27** | 0.13 | |
| Female | −0.17** | 0.07 | −0.17* | 0.10 | −0.39*** | 0.09 | −0.25*** | 0.07 | −0.15 | 0.12 | |
| Democrat | 0.16* | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.12 | −0.02 | 0.13 | 0.30*** | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.16 | |
| Independent | 0.02 | 0.10 | −0.08 | 0.13 | −0.21 | 0.14 | −0.06 | 0.10 | −0.13 | 0.17 | |
| Other political aff | −0.01 | 0.18 | 0.21 | 0.22 | −0.26 | 0.26 | 0.20 | 0.18 | −0.02 | 0.24 | |
| BIPOC | −0.18** | 0.09 | −0.06 | 0.12 | −0.20* | 0.10 | −0.20** | 0.09 | −0.06 | 0.15 | |
| South | −0.14 | 0.10 | −0.18 | 0.13 | 0.23* | 0.13 | −0.12 | 0.10 | −0.14 | 0.17 | |
| Northeast | −0.02 | 0.12 | −0.15 | 0.15 | 0.17 | 0.15 | −0.17 | 0.12 | −0.17 | 0.19 | |
| Midwest | −0.16 | 0.12 | −0.23 | 0.14 | −0.02 | 0.15 | −0.28* | 0.12 | −0.28 | 0.18 | |
| PBC | Age | −0.58*** | 0.08 | −0.54*** | 0.10 | −0.66*** | 0.11 | −0.51*** | 0.08 | −0.67*** | 0.15 |
| Education | −0.11 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.10 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.12 | 0.08 | −0.08 | 0.12 | |
| Income | 0.11 | 0.08 | 0.16 | 0.10 | 0.21** | 0.10 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.30** | 0.12 | |
| Female | −0.11 | 0.07 | −0.21** | 0.09 | −0.24** | 0.09 | −0.17* | 0.07 | −0.01 | 0.11 | |
| Democrat | 0.15* | 0.09 | 0.11 | 0.12 | −0.02 | 0.12 | 0.22** | 0.09 | 0.15 | 0.15 | |
| Independent | −0.05 | 0.10 | −0.05 | 0.13 | −0.17 | 0.13 | −0.01 | 0.10 | −0.07 | 0.16 | |
| Other political aff | −0.19 | 0.17 | −0.16 | 0.22 | −0.35 | 0.25 | 0.06 | 0.17 | −0.13 | 0.24 | |
| BIPOC | −0.10 | 0.09 | 0.14 | 0.12 | −0.04 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.09 | 0.00 | 0.14 | |
| South | −0.05 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.12 | 0.04 | 0.13 | −0.10 | 0.10 | 0.07 | 0.15 | |
| Northeast | −0.01 | 0.12 | 0.02 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.15 | −0.14 | 0.12 | 0.07 | 0.18 | |
| Midwest | −0.12 | 0.11 | −0.13 | 0.14 | −0.07 | 0.14 | −0.20 | 0.11 | 0.05 | 0.17 | |
| Mediator and | CBD | Clothing | Food | Personal care | Pet products | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATT | Age | −0.68*** | 0.08 | −0.46*** | 0.11 | −0.61*** | 0.12 | −0.60*** | 0.08 | −0.70*** | 0.14 |
| Education | −0.08 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.10 | −0.05 | 0.10 | −0.04 | 0.08 | −0.07 | 0.12 | |
| Income | 0.00 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.20** | 0.10 | −0.02 | 0.08 | 0.24** | 0.12 | |
| Female | 0.01 | 0.07 | −0.17* | 0.09 | −0.13 | 0.09 | −0.04 | 0.07 | −0.02 | 0.12 | |
| Democrat | 0.20** | 0.09 | 0.16 | 0.12 | −0.01 | 0.12 | 0.14 | 0.09 | 0.19 | 0.14 | |
| Independent | −0.03 | 0.09 | −0.05 | 0.13 | −0.16 | 0.13 | −0.10 | 0.09 | 0.00 | 0.15 | |
| Other political aff | 0.14 | 0.18 | 0.36* | 0.21 | 0.10 | 0.27 | 0.45* | 0.18 | 0.42* | 0.25 | |
| BIPOC | −0.18** | 0.08 | −0.05 | 0.11 | −0.15 | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.08 | −0.05 | 0.15 | |
| South | −0.06 | 0.10 | −0.02 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.13 | −0.09 | 0.10 | 0.04 | 0.16 | |
| Northeast | −0.05 | 0.11 | −0.01 | 0.15 | 0.03 | 0.15 | −0.13 | 0.12 | −0.01 | 0.19 | |
| Midwest | −0.10 | 0.11 | −0.11 | 0.14 | 0.00 | 0.14 | −0.27** | 0.11 | −0.05 | 0.17 | |
| SN | Age | −0.76*** | 0.08 | −0.80*** | 0.11 | −0.78*** | 0.12 | −0.67*** | 0.08 | −1.01*** | 0.17 |
| Education | −0.13 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0.06 | 0.11 | 0.01 | 0.08 | −0.16 | 0.13 | |
| Income | −0.03 | 0.08 | 0.00 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.00 | 0.08 | 0.27** | 0.13 | |
| Female | −0.17** | 0.07 | −0.17* | 0.10 | −0.39*** | 0.09 | −0.25*** | 0.07 | −0.15 | 0.12 | |
| Democrat | 0.16* | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.12 | −0.02 | 0.13 | 0.30*** | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.16 | |
| Independent | 0.02 | 0.10 | −0.08 | 0.13 | −0.21 | 0.14 | −0.06 | 0.10 | −0.13 | 0.17 | |
| Other political aff | −0.01 | 0.18 | 0.21 | 0.22 | −0.26 | 0.26 | 0.20 | 0.18 | −0.02 | 0.24 | |
| BIPOC | −0.18** | 0.09 | −0.06 | 0.12 | −0.20* | 0.10 | −0.20** | 0.09 | −0.06 | 0.15 | |
| South | −0.14 | 0.10 | −0.18 | 0.13 | 0.23* | 0.13 | −0.12 | 0.10 | −0.14 | 0.17 | |
| Northeast | −0.02 | 0.12 | −0.15 | 0.15 | 0.17 | 0.15 | −0.17 | 0.12 | −0.17 | 0.19 | |
| Midwest | −0.16 | 0.12 | −0.23 | 0.14 | −0.02 | 0.15 | −0.28* | 0.12 | −0.28 | 0.18 | |
| PBC | Age | −0.58*** | 0.08 | −0.54*** | 0.10 | −0.66*** | 0.11 | −0.51*** | 0.08 | −0.67*** | 0.15 |
| Education | −0.11 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.10 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.12 | 0.08 | −0.08 | 0.12 | |
| Income | 0.11 | 0.08 | 0.16 | 0.10 | 0.21** | 0.10 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.30** | 0.12 | |
| Female | −0.11 | 0.07 | −0.21** | 0.09 | −0.24** | 0.09 | −0.17* | 0.07 | −0.01 | 0.11 | |
| Democrat | 0.15* | 0.09 | 0.11 | 0.12 | −0.02 | 0.12 | 0.22** | 0.09 | 0.15 | 0.15 | |
| Independent | −0.05 | 0.10 | −0.05 | 0.13 | −0.17 | 0.13 | −0.01 | 0.10 | −0.07 | 0.16 | |
| Other political aff | −0.19 | 0.17 | −0.16 | 0.22 | −0.35 | 0.25 | 0.06 | 0.17 | −0.13 | 0.24 | |
| BIPOC | −0.10 | 0.09 | 0.14 | 0.12 | −0.04 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.09 | 0.00 | 0.14 | |
| South | −0.05 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.12 | 0.04 | 0.13 | −0.10 | 0.10 | 0.07 | 0.15 | |
| Northeast | −0.01 | 0.12 | 0.02 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.15 | −0.14 | 0.12 | 0.07 | 0.18 | |
| Midwest | −0.12 | 0.11 | −0.13 | 0.14 | −0.07 | 0.14 | −0.20 | 0.11 | 0.05 | 0.17 | |
Note(s): *p < 0.10, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01
Source(s): Authors’ work