Table 4

Types of Q4.0 projects being initiated – quotes from the interviewees

“We have digitization of quality projects … taken as an adoptive approach -digitizing quality data collection and quality systems tasks. Within the value chain are departments, purchasing, production and operations, then we have quality and the finance component; various parts within those areas are digitization.” P7
“The biggest focus we have now is to digitize manufacturing plants. The current disconnect would be between the processes and reports what we see from the plants, so we are using software and technology to reduce that disconnect.” P4
“We had a problem in storing engines, and it costs us a few million, hiring out warehouses in case of warranty replacements, but we got better data to estimate when the engine is going to fail, and we can order the engine from overseas with no lag of when you get it and when you need it. Also, you do not have to store it for so long because if you store unnecessary things, predicting when it is going to fail, so you are also reducing the cost of what you are storing. You can give the customer valuable insights on how they should use data accordingly, and using a digital twin, you can all see and value can be provided along the way.” P6
“In a steel company, the important point was reducing cycle time when smelting has been done … Because the quicker the process, the better it will be for me regarding energy efficiency and capacity utilization. So manual processes were deleted where possible. On adjusting infrastructure, IoT was put in to get the temperature automatically, and there were also digital indicators on the furnace, so the person would understand whether the batch was ok or not. Even on mobile phones, the application is there to measure temperature; we also enabled that so they will come to know when the cycle time is over.” P7
“If I talk about Q4.0, my organization has a roadmap, though not yet implemented, but we are doing”. P5
“We are now abandoning the old systems and need to go digital. We initiated different projects in different departments; for instance, in the production line, we installed various devices to calculate various speeds, uptime, downtime and total production time. We educated the shift supervisors on how to use this technology. We gave them apps and designed the apps specifically designed for them; we educated them on how to use the apps -we are automating all of our KPIs.” P9

Source(s): Authors’ own work

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