Table 1

Typologies of future competencies

No.Name of competenceThe Gallup Organization (2010) Davies et al. (2011) Hecklau et al. (2017) Marr (2019) Zahidi et al. (2020) The United Nations (2020) Piwowar-Sulej (2021) 
C1Technical skills (vocational)x   xxx
C2Analytical skills xxxxxx
C3Complex problem-solving xxxxxx
C4Computer literacyx xxxxx
C5Skills in the latest technologies xxx xx
C6Teamwork skillsxxx  xx
C7Virtual teamwork skills xx   x
C8Creative thinking skills x xxxx
C9Interpersonal communication skillsx xxxxx
C10Knowledge and skills related to proper nutrition      x
C11Knowledge and skills related to physical health      x
C12Stress resilience    x x
C13Ability to adapt to and act in new situations (including learning)x xxxxx
C14Command of foreign languages x    x

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