Measurement model
| Construct | Indicator | Factor loading | Internal consistency | Convergent validity | Discriminant validity | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cronbach’s alpha | rho_A | Composite reliability | Average variance extracted | ||||
| Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) | Risk-taking (EO1) | 0.865*** | 0.783 | 0.817 | 0.871 | 0.694 | Accepted |
| Innovativeness (EO2) | 0.766*** | ||||||
| Proactivity (EO3) | 0.864*** | ||||||
| Human resources orientation (HRO) | Empathy (HRO1) | 0.804*** | 0.859 | 0.870 | 0.904 | 0.703 | Accepted |
| Equity (HRO2) | 0.865*** | ||||||
| Empowerment (HRO3) | 0.789*** | ||||||
| Enablement (HRO4) | 0.890*** | ||||||
| Construct | Indicator | Factor | Internal consistency | Convergent | Discriminant | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cronbach’s alpha | rho_A | Composite reliability | Average | ||||
| Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) | Risk-taking (EO1) | 0.865 | 0.783 | 0.817 | 0.871 | 0.694 | Accepted |
| Innovativeness (EO2) | 0.766 | ||||||
| Proactivity (EO3) | 0.864 | ||||||
| Human resources orientation (HRO) | Empathy (HRO1) | 0.804 | 0.859 | 0.870 | 0.904 | 0.703 | Accepted |
| Equity (HRO2) | 0.865 | ||||||
| Empowerment (HRO3) | 0.789 | ||||||
| Enablement (HRO4) | 0.890 | ||||||
Notes:
Statistical significance: *p < 0.1; **p < 0.05; ***p < 0.01
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