Table 1

Mean, standard deviation, and correlation

Variable nameMeanSD
Gender1.310.47       
Generation1.771.010.078      
Marital status1.190.390.19**0.17*     
Self-efficacy3.371.410.0660.26**0.039(0.65)   
Hope3.281.500.030.27**0.090.74**(0.80)  
Resilience3.471.550.590.31**0.0680.25**67**(0.79) 
Optimism2.811.71−0.0030.25**0.0770.58**0.65**0.68**(0.78)
GPA2.870.710.0010.23**0.050.60**0.71**0.67**0.64**

Note(s):n = 213; Alpha reliabilities are presented in Parenthesis

*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01

Source(s): Authors' own creation

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