Literature review: SNP as marketing tools (evangelizing) in tourism and hospitality (T&H) destinations
| Authors | Area | Findings |
|---|---|---|
| Google Maps | ||
| Yang and Hsu (2016) | A location-based service and Google Maps-based information master system for tour guiding | Google Maps provide information on popular tourist attractions, and guide users towards their desired destinations |
| Mathayomchan and Taecharungroj (2020) | How was your meal?” Examining customer experience using Google Maps reviews | The logistic regression of all restaurants showed that the relationships between the four restaurant attributes and a five-star rating are significant |
| Lee and Yu (2018) | Perceived service quality based on Google reviews | These results indicate that online reviews provide a good proxy for airport service quality ratings and an effective means to cross-validate the conventional industry standard survey results |
| Sharma (2021) | Understanding destination evangelism: a social media viewpoint | Destination distinctiveness and information-seeking positively lead to destination evangelism |
| Sharma et al. (2021) | Investigating brand community engagement and evangelistic tendencies on social media | Brand community engagement positively influences brand evangelism and brand defence |
| TikTok | ||
| Du et al. (2022) | Record and share my wonderful journey of Chinese millennials | Create and share short videos of touristic fantasies Harsh tagging e.g. #wonderfuljourney Store tourist experiences in “public” diary |
| Cao et al. (2021) | Destination short video and consumer attitude | A short video on TikTok shows a scene of an emptied glass of wine being smashed on the floor |
| Zhu et al. (2022) | TikTok and celebrity attachment and visit intention | Celebrity attachment positively predicts sense of presence and telepresence |
| Mohammed et al. (2023) | Safety, security, clean air and intention to experience: do TikTok short video narratives matter? | The results revealed that there were significant positive associations between short video narratives about safety, security, clean air and intention to experience |
| Wang et al. (2022) | Visiting intentions towards theme parks: do short video content and tourists’ playfulness on TikTok matter? | Social interaction, informativeness and trust had significant and significant predictors perceived usefulness |
| Wengel et al. (2022) | The TikTok effect on destination development: famous overnight, now what? | The findings revealed that the local community struggles to seize the opportunities offered by tourism while forced to manage the tourist flow |
| Kumar et al. (2022) | Tourism destination promotion and Facebook | Facebook as a supplement to traditional marketing tools. Destination marketing organizations (DMO) benefit from the contents of scenic beauty, culture and cuisine which appeal more to engage users on Facebook pages. Inviting tourists to upload their photos, and publishing only correct information |
| Khan et al. (2022) | Social media and empowerment in hospitality and tourism decision-making | Facebook aided Muslim women to have autonomous self-expression, self-disclosure and reciprocity to self-disclosure which positively related to bonding and bridging social capital, which in turn related positively to their empowerment in hospitality and tourism decision-making |
| Mariani et al. (2016) | Facebook as a destination marketing tool | Visual content, (namely, photos) and moderately long posts have a statistically-significant positive impact on DMOs Facebook engagement |
| Mariani et al. (2018) | Determinants of Facebook social engagement | engagement is positively affected by posting visual content, (namely, photos) and posting during the weekends and negatively affected by evening posting |
| Rahman (2017) | Tourism destination marketing using Facebook as a promotional tool | It revealed that Facebook is used as a tool for promoting a tourism destination |
| Agusti (2021) | City images on Instagram: projected and perceived images | Instagram tends to reinforce the image of destinations and promote new tourist attractions |
| Yu et al. (2021) | Colour and engagement in touristic Instagram pictures | The colour blue in photos featuring natural scenery, high-end gastronomy and sacral architectures contributes to user engagement. A red/orange colour scheme enhances pictures regarding local delicacies and ambience, while the coexistence of violet and warm colours is crucial for photographs featuring cityscapes and interior design |
| Yu and Sun (2019) | The role of Instagram in the UNESCO’s creative city of gastronomy: a case study of Macau | Taiwanese cuisine, food from local café and local snacks are the most popular ones. Additionally, local residents believed that the government should develop an official Instagram account to advertise and introduce the uniqueness of Macau and to reach more international tourists |
| Yu et al. (2020) | Colouring the destination: the role of colour psychology on Instagram | Orange, yellow, blue and violet contributed significantly to post-popularity based on different photographic typologies |
| Fatanti and Suyadnya (2015) | Beyond user Gaze: how Instagram creates tourism destination brands? | Instagram provides a complete communication facility, from tourism branding to user generated content photography |
| Tešin et al. (2022) | Exploring the influence of Instagram on travel destination choice | Instagram is an important source of information and inspiration in the destination selection process |
| Authors | Area | Findings |
|---|---|---|
| A location-based service and Google Maps-based information master system for tour guiding | Google Maps provide information on popular tourist attractions, and guide users towards their desired destinations | |
| How was your meal?” Examining customer experience using Google Maps reviews | The logistic regression of all restaurants showed that the relationships between the four restaurant attributes and a five-star rating are significant | |
| Perceived service quality based on Google reviews | These results indicate that online reviews provide a good proxy for airport service quality ratings and an effective means to cross-validate the conventional industry standard survey results | |
| Understanding destination evangelism: a social media viewpoint | Destination distinctiveness and information-seeking positively lead to destination evangelism | |
| Investigating brand community engagement and evangelistic tendencies on social media | Brand community engagement positively influences brand evangelism and brand defence | |
| Record and share my wonderful journey of Chinese millennials | Create and share short videos of touristic fantasies | |
| Destination short video and consumer attitude | A short video on TikTok shows a scene of an emptied glass of wine being smashed on the floor | |
| TikTok and celebrity attachment and visit intention | Celebrity attachment positively predicts sense of presence and telepresence | |
| Safety, security, clean air and intention to experience: do TikTok short video narratives matter? | The results revealed that there were significant positive associations between short video narratives about safety, security, clean air and intention to experience | |
| Visiting intentions towards theme parks: do short video content and tourists’ playfulness on TikTok matter? | Social interaction, informativeness and trust had significant and significant predictors perceived usefulness | |
| The TikTok effect on destination development: famous overnight, now what? | The findings revealed that the local community struggles to seize the opportunities offered by tourism while forced to manage the tourist flow | |
| Tourism destination promotion and Facebook | Facebook as a supplement to traditional marketing tools. Destination marketing organizations (DMO) benefit from the contents of scenic beauty, culture and cuisine which appeal more to engage users on Facebook pages. Inviting tourists to upload their photos, and publishing only correct information | |
| Social media and empowerment in hospitality and tourism decision-making | Facebook aided Muslim women to have autonomous self-expression, self-disclosure and reciprocity to self-disclosure which positively related to bonding and bridging social capital, which in turn related positively to their empowerment in hospitality and tourism decision-making | |
| Facebook as a destination marketing tool | Visual content, (namely, photos) and moderately long posts have a statistically-significant positive impact on DMOs Facebook engagement | |
| Determinants of Facebook social engagement | engagement is positively affected by posting visual content, (namely, photos) and posting during the weekends and negatively affected by evening posting | |
| Tourism destination marketing using Facebook as a promotional tool | It revealed that Facebook is used as a tool for promoting a tourism destination | |
| City images on Instagram: projected and perceived images | Instagram tends to reinforce the image of destinations and promote new tourist attractions | |
| Colour and engagement in touristic Instagram pictures | The colour blue in photos featuring natural scenery, high-end gastronomy and sacral architectures contributes to user engagement. A red/orange colour scheme enhances pictures regarding local delicacies and ambience, while the coexistence of violet and warm colours is crucial for photographs featuring cityscapes and interior design | |
| The role of Instagram in the UNESCO’s creative city of gastronomy: a case study of Macau | Taiwanese cuisine, food from local café and local snacks are the most popular ones. Additionally, local residents believed that the government should develop an official Instagram account to advertise and introduce the uniqueness of Macau and to reach more international tourists | |
| Colouring the destination: the role of colour psychology on Instagram | Orange, yellow, blue and violet contributed significantly to post-popularity based on different photographic typologies | |
| Beyond user Gaze: how Instagram creates tourism destination brands? | Instagram provides a complete communication facility, from tourism branding to user generated content photography | |
| Exploring the influence of Instagram on travel destination choice | Instagram is an important source of information and inspiration in the destination selection process |
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