Table 2 Variables measurement Variables... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2

Variables measurement

Variables	Measurement	References
SMR	Lagged Index $Rt$ = log $P_{t} / P_{t -} 1$	Nofsinger (2005), Rasheed et al. (2021), Xue and Zhang (2017)
TA	Dummy 2012–2019 = 0 2019–2023 = 1	Khan et al. (2017)
IS	Dummy $rt > MA 5 = 1$ $rt \leq M A 5 = 0$	Rasheed (2021), Rasheed et al. (2021), Xue and Zhang (2017)
OB	Dummy $r_{t - 1} > r_{t - 2} \to V_{t} > V_{t - 1}$ Otherwise = 0	Gervais and Odean (2001), Odean (1998), Rasheed (2021)
AH	Dummy $r_{t - 1} > r_{t - 2} \to V_{t} > V_{t - 1}$ $r_{t - 1} < r_{t - 2} \to V_{t} > V_{t - 1}$ Otherwise = 0	Marcus and Goodman (1991), Rasheed (2021), Tversky and Kahneman (1974)
DE	$r_{t - 1} > r_{t - 2} \to V_{t} > V_{t - 1}$ $r_{t - 1} < r_{t - 2} \to V_{t} < V_{t - 1}$ Otherwise = 0	Odean (1998), Rasheed (2021)

Variables	Measurement	References
SMR	Lagged Index $Rt$ = log $P_{t} / P_{t -} 1$	Nofsinger (2005), Rasheed et al. (2021), Xue and Zhang (2017)
TA	Dummy2012–2019 = 02019–2023 = 1	Khan et al. (2017)
IS	Dummy $rt > MA 5 = 1$ $rt \leq M A 5 = 0$	Rasheed (2021), Rasheed et al. (2021), Xue and Zhang (2017)
OB	Dummy $r_{t - 1} > r_{t - 2} \to V_{t} > V_{t - 1}$ Otherwise = 0	Gervais and Odean (2001), Odean (1998), Rasheed (2021)
AH	Dummy $r_{t - 1} > r_{t - 2} \to V_{t} > V_{t - 1}$ $r_{t - 1} < r_{t - 2} \to V_{t} > V_{t - 1}$ Otherwise = 0	Marcus and Goodman (1991), Rasheed (2021), Tversky and Kahneman (1974)
DE	$r_{t - 1} > r_{t - 2} \to V_{t} > V_{t - 1}$ $r_{t - 1} < r_{t - 2} \to V_{t} < V_{t - 1}$ Otherwise = 0	Odean (1998), Rasheed (2021)

Source(s): Table by authors