The definitions of employee silence
| Author (year) | Definition |
|---|---|
| Morrison and Milliken (2000) | “a collective phenomenon where employees withhold their opinions and concerns about potential organizational problems” (p. 707) |
| Pinder and Harlos (2001) | “the withholding of any form of genuine expression about an individual’s behavioral, cognitive, and/or affective evaluation of his or her organizational circumstances to persons who are perceived to be capable of effecting change” (p. 334) |
| Van Dyne et al. (2003) | Intentionally withholding relevant ideas, information and opinions based on resignation, fear and cooperation |
| Tangirala and Ramanujam (2008) | Employees’ actual communicative choices to withhold information from others |
| Kish-Gephart et al. (2009) | “the withholding of ideas, suggestions, or concerns about people, products, or processes that might have been communicated verbally to someone inside the organization with the perceived authority to act” (pp. 166-167) |
| Knoll and Van Dick (2013) | A multidimensional construct that is triggered by four different motivations (e.g. quiescent, acquiescent, prosocial and opportunistic silence) |
| Author (year) | Definition |
|---|---|
| “a collective phenomenon where employees withhold their opinions and concerns about potential organizational problems” (p. 707) | |
| “the withholding of any form of genuine expression about an individual’s behavioral, cognitive, and/or affective evaluation of his or her organizational circumstances to persons who are perceived to be capable of effecting change” (p. 334) | |
| Van | Intentionally withholding relevant ideas, information and opinions based on resignation, fear and cooperation |
| Employees’ actual communicative choices to withhold information from others | |
| “the withholding of ideas, suggestions, or concerns about people, products, or processes that might have been communicated verbally to someone inside the organization with the perceived authority to act” (pp. 166-167) | |
| A multidimensional construct that is triggered by four different motivations (e.g. quiescent, acquiescent, prosocial and opportunistic silence) |
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