Table 2 Fundamental areas of concerns in... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2

Fundamental areas of concerns in the literature on industry platforms

	Two-sided markets	Industry platforms	Digital platforms	Innovation platforms	Two-sided networks
Terminologies	- Two-sided markets - Two-sided platforms - Multi-sided platforms - Platforms	- Industry platforms - Platforms - Digital platforms - Double-sided markets	- Digital platforms - Software-based platforms - Digital infrastructures - Platforms	- Innovation platforms - Multi-sided platforms - Digital platforms - Two-sided platforms - Platforms	- Two-sided networks - Platforms - Two-sided markets - Multi-sided platforms
Definitions	“technologies, products or services that create value primarily by enabling direct interactions between two or more customer or participant groups” (Hagiu, 2014, p. 71)	“products, services or technologies developed by one or more firms, and which serve as foundations upon which a larger number of firms can build further complementary innovations and potentially generate network effects” (Gawer and Cusumano, 2014, p. 420)	“purely technical artefacts where the platform is an extensible codebase, and the ecosystem comprises third-party modules complementing this codebase” (de Reuver et al., 2018, p. 126)	“components that provide a stable framework or binding surface that serves to support and organize the innovation contributions of many complementors” (Baldwin and von Hippel, 2011, p. 1412)	“products and services that bring together groups of users in two-sided networks” (Eisenmann et al., 2006, p. 2)
Classifications	Classified two-sided platforms into four different types (Evans and Schmalensee, 2008) - Exchanges - Advertiser-supported media - Transaction devices - Software platforms	Classified platforms based on their primary function (Cusumano et al., 2019) - Transaction platforms - Innovation platforms - Hybrid platforms	- Classified platforms based on the degree of digitality (de Reuver et al., 2018) . Digital platforms . Non-digital platforms - Identified four distinct digital application marketplaces based on the control arrangements and on the functional scope (Ghazawneh and Henfridsson, 2015) . Closed marketplaces . Censored marketplaces . Focused marketplaces . Open marketplaces	Classified platforms based on their corresponding business models (Boudreau and Lakhani, 2009) - Integrator platforms - Product platforms - Two-sided or multi-sided platforms	Classified platforms based on the role of the platform and the number of firms in each role (Eisenmann et al., 2008) - Proprietary platforms - Shared platforms - Licensing platforms - Joint venture platforms
Perspectives	The platform owner’s perspective is relatively dominant	The platform owner’s perspective is relatively dominant with very few exceptions, e.g. Ansari et al. (2016)	Platform owner’s perspective is relatively dominant with very few exceptions, e.g. Benlian et al. (2015), and Rolland et al. (2018)	- Complementor’s perspective - Platform owner’s perspective - Dyadic perspective	The platform owner’s perspective is relatively dominant

	Two-sided markets	Industry platforms	Digital platforms	Innovation platforms	Two-sided networks
Terminologies	- Two-sided markets - Two-sided platforms - Multi-sided platforms - Platforms	- Industry platforms - Platforms - Digital platforms - Double-sided markets	- Digital platforms - Software-based platforms - Digital infrastructures - Platforms	- Innovation platforms - Multi-sided platforms - Digital platforms - Two-sided platforms - Platforms	- Two-sided networks - Platforms - Two-sided markets - Multi-sided platforms
Definitions	“technologies, products or services that create value primarily by enabling direct interactions between two or more customer or participant groups” (Hagiu, 2014, p. 71)	“products, services or technologies developed by one or more firms, and which serve as foundations upon which a larger number of firms can build further complementary innovations and potentially generate network effects” (Gawer and Cusumano, 2014, p. 420)	“purely technical artefacts where the platform is an extensible codebase, and the ecosystem comprises third-party modules complementing this codebase” (de Reuver et al., 2018, p. 126)	“components that provide a stable framework or binding surface that serves to support and organize the innovation contributions of many complementors” (Baldwin and von Hippel, 2011, p. 1412)	“products and services that bring together groups of users in two-sided networks” (Eisenmann et al., 2006, p. 2)
Classifications	Classified two-sided platforms into four different types (Evans and Schmalensee, 2008)- Exchanges - Advertiser-supported media - Transaction devices - Software platforms	Classified platforms based on their primary function (Cusumano et al., 2019)- Transaction platforms - Innovation platforms - Hybrid platforms	- Classified platforms based on the degree of digitality (de Reuver et al., 2018) . Digital platforms . Non-digital platforms - Identified four distinct digital application marketplaces based on the control arrangements and on the functional scope (Ghazawneh and Henfridsson, 2015) . Closed marketplaces . Censored marketplaces . Focused marketplaces . Open marketplaces	Classified platforms based on their corresponding business models (Boudreau and Lakhani, 2009)- Integrator platforms - Product platforms - Two-sided or multi-sided platforms	Classified platforms based on the role of the platform and the number of firms in each role (Eisenmann et al., 2008)- Proprietary platforms - Shared platforms - Licensing platforms - Joint venture platforms
Perspectives	The platform owner’s perspective is relatively dominant	The platform owner’s perspective is relatively dominant with very few exceptions, e.g. Ansari et al. (2016)	Platform owner’s perspective is relatively dominant with very few exceptions, e.g. Benlian et al. (2015), and Rolland et al. (2018)	- Complementor’s perspective - Platform owner’s perspective - Dyadic perspective	The platform owner’s perspective is relatively dominant

Source(s): Own elaboration