Table 2 Output from Eq. (1) reporting...

Table 2

Output from Eq. (1) reporting marginal effects

Variables	In-house R&D	External R&D	New-to-market	New-to-firm	Process innovation
Exploratory linkages	0.251***	0.199***	0.121***	0.123***	0.279***
Exploratory linkages	(0.041)	(0.044)	(0.043)	(0.040)	(0.041)
Exploitative linkages	−0.046	−0.127	−0.005	−0.109	−0.078
Exploitative linkages	(0.124)	(0.134)	(0.121)	(0.115)	(0.131)
Exploratory linkages²	−0.023***	−0.016***	−0.006	−0.007*	−0.023***
Exploratory linkages²	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)
Exploitative linkages²	0.039	0.074*	0.010	0.042	0.051
Exploitative linkages²	(0.040)	(0.043)	(0.039)	(0.036)	(0.044)
Firm size (log)	0.001	0.025	0.036	−0.009	0.099***
Firm size (log)	(0.024)	(0.028)	(0.025)	(0.024)	(0.023)
Firm age (log)	0.061	−0.032	−0.038	0.016	−0.074*
Firm age (log)	(0.047)	(0.051)	(0.044)	(0.042)	(0.039)
% University education	0.003**	−0.000	−0.001	0.001	0.001
% University education	(0.001)	(0.001)	(0.001)	(0.001)	(0.001)
Multi plant	0.165**	0.085	0.163**	−0.020	−0.100
Multi plant	(0.071)	(0.087)	(0.082)	(0.077)	(0.084)
Received subsidy	0.212**	0.176*	0.036	0.046	0.114
Received subsidy	(0.083)	(0.091)	(0.093)	(0.084)	(0.088)
Project developer	0.264***	0.157	0.350***	−0.106	0.265***
Project developer	(0.047)	(0.193)	(0.131)	(0.155)	(0.086)
Technology supplier	0.376***	0.325**	0.187	−0.022	0.216*
Technology supplier	(0.080)	(0.144)	(0.120)	(0.130)	(0.113)
Service or consultancy	0.015	0.090	0.085	−0.106	0.209*
Service or consultancy	(0.104)	(0.157)	(0.118)	(0.129)	(0.119)
European	0.038	0.124	−0.048	−0.299***	−0.111
European	(0.105)	(0.121)	(0.124)	(0.077)	(0.132)
Irish	−0.259**	−0.073	−0.102	−0.172**	0.030
Irish	(0.110)	(0.102)	(0.097)	(0.082)	(0.091)
Observations	199	199	199	199	199
Wald Chi-square (prob)	98.51	65.85	56.13	40.61	92.90
Wald Chi-square (prob)	(0.000)	(0.000)	(0.000)	(0.002)	(0.000)
Pseudo R²	0.504	0.317	0.233	0.169	0.418

Variables	In-house R&D	External R&D	New-to-market	New-to-firm	Process innovation
Exploratory linkages	0.251***	0.199***	0.121***	0.123***	0.279***
Exploratory linkages	(0.041)	(0.044)	(0.043)	(0.040)	(0.041)
Exploitative linkages	−0.046	−0.127	−0.005	−0.109	−0.078
Exploitative linkages	(0.124)	(0.134)	(0.121)	(0.115)	(0.131)
Exploratory linkages²	−0.023***	−0.016***	−0.006	−0.007*	−0.023***
Exploratory linkages²	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.004)
Exploitative linkages²	0.039	0.074*	0.010	0.042	0.051
Exploitative linkages²	(0.040)	(0.043)	(0.039)	(0.036)	(0.044)
Firm size (log)	0.001	0.025	0.036	−0.009	0.099***
Firm size (log)	(0.024)	(0.028)	(0.025)	(0.024)	(0.023)
Firm age (log)	0.061	−0.032	−0.038	0.016	−0.074*
Firm age (log)	(0.047)	(0.051)	(0.044)	(0.042)	(0.039)
% University education	0.003**	−0.000	−0.001	0.001	0.001
% University education	(0.001)	(0.001)	(0.001)	(0.001)	(0.001)
Multi plant	0.165**	0.085	0.163**	−0.020	−0.100
Multi plant	(0.071)	(0.087)	(0.082)	(0.077)	(0.084)
Received subsidy	0.212**	0.176*	0.036	0.046	0.114
Received subsidy	(0.083)	(0.091)	(0.093)	(0.084)	(0.088)
Project developer	0.264***	0.157	0.350***	−0.106	0.265***
Project developer	(0.047)	(0.193)	(0.131)	(0.155)	(0.086)
Technology supplier	0.376***	0.325**	0.187	−0.022	0.216*
Technology supplier	(0.080)	(0.144)	(0.120)	(0.130)	(0.113)
Service or consultancy	0.015	0.090	0.085	−0.106	0.209*
Service or consultancy	(0.104)	(0.157)	(0.118)	(0.129)	(0.119)
European	0.038	0.124	−0.048	−0.299***	−0.111
European	(0.105)	(0.121)	(0.124)	(0.077)	(0.132)
Irish	−0.259**	−0.073	−0.102	−0.172**	0.030
Irish	(0.110)	(0.102)	(0.097)	(0.082)	(0.091)
Observations	199	199	199	199	199
Wald Chi-square (prob)	98.51	65.85	56.13	40.61	92.90
Wald Chi-square (prob)	(0.000)	(0.000)	(0.000)	(0.002)	(0.000)
Pseudo R²	0.504	0.317	0.233	0.169	0.418

Note(s): Robust standard errors in parentheses

***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05 and *p < 0.1

Reference categories: Asset operators, asset owner/operator and other-type firm and UK

Source(s): Authors’ own work

[ViewLarge]