Background characteristics across nine subsamples
| 1 n (%) n = 547 | 2 n (%) n = 773 | 3 n (%) n = 486 | 4 n (%) n = 373 | 5 n (%) n = 2246 | 6 n (%) n = 587 | 7 n (%) n = 761 | 8 n (%) n = 643 | 9 n (%) n = 999 | Total sample n (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||||||||||
| Female | 195 (35.6) | 508 (65.7) | 316 (65.0) | 108 (29.0) | 1784 (79.4) | 154 (26.2) | 571 (75.0) | 414 (64.4) | 868 (86.9) | 4918 (63.2) |
| Male | 352 (64.4) | 265 (34.3) | 170 (35.0) | 265 (71.0) | 462 (20.6) | 433 (73.8) | 190 (25.0) | 229 (35.6) | 131 (13.1) | 2497 (32.1) |
| Education | ||||||||||
| Comprehensive school | 12 (1.2) | 12 (0.2) | ||||||||
| Vocational school/upper secondary school | 24 (1.1) | 77 (13.1) | 90 (11.8) | 16 (2.5) | 121(11.9) | 328 (84.4) | ||||
| Special vocational degree | 15 (0.7) | 408 (69.3) | 465 (61.0) | 165 (25.7) | 17 (1.7) | 1070 (14.4) | ||||
| Vocational post-secondary degree | 152 (6.7) | 39 (6.6) | 43 (5.6) | 42 (6.5) | 244 (24.0) | 520 (7.0) | ||||
| Bachelor’s degree or vocational university degree | 6 (0.8) | 14 (2.9) | 11 (3.0) | 466 (20.7) | 43 (7.3) | 86 (11.3) | 200 (31.1) | 384 (37.7) | 1210 (16.3) | |
| Master’s degree or higher vocational university degree | 281 (37.3) | 449 (94.3) | 321 (87.7) | 1509 (66.9) | 21 (3.6) | 64 (8.4) | 183 (28.5) | 146 (14.3) | 2974 (40.1) | |
| Doctoral or licentiate degree | 547 (100) | 466 (61.9) | 13 (2.7) | 34 (9.3) | 88 (3.9) | 1 (0.2) | 14 (1.8) | 37 (5.8) | 94 (9.2) | 1294 (17.5) |
| Age | ||||||||||
| Mean (SD) | 7.6 (1.5) | 5.6 (2.0) | 5.5 (2.0) | 5.5 (2.1) | 5.9 (2.5) | 5.3 (2.4) | 3.9 (2.5) | 5.9 (2.0) | 5.5 (2.3) | 5.6 (2.4) |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | Total sample | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 195 (35.6) | 508 (65.7) | 316 (65.0) | 108 (29.0) | 1784 (79.4) | 154 (26.2) | 571 (75.0) | 414 (64.4) | 868 (86.9) | 4918 (63.2) |
| Male | 352 (64.4) | 265 (34.3) | 170 (35.0) | 265 (71.0) | 462 (20.6) | 433 (73.8) | 190 (25.0) | 229 (35.6) | 131 (13.1) | 2497 (32.1) |
| Comprehensive school | 12 (1.2) | 12 (0.2) | ||||||||
| Vocational school/upper secondary school | 24 (1.1) | 77 (13.1) | 90 (11.8) | 16 (2.5) | 121(11.9) | 328 (84.4) | ||||
| Special vocational degree | 15 (0.7) | 408 (69.3) | 465 (61.0) | 165 (25.7) | 17 (1.7) | 1070 (14.4) | ||||
| Vocational post-secondary degree | 152 (6.7) | 39 (6.6) | 43 (5.6) | 42 (6.5) | 244 (24.0) | 520 (7.0) | ||||
| Bachelor’s degree or vocational university degree | 6 (0.8) | 14 (2.9) | 11 (3.0) | 466 (20.7) | 43 (7.3) | 86 (11.3) | 200 (31.1) | 384 (37.7) | 1210 (16.3) | |
| Master’s degree or higher vocational university degree | 281 (37.3) | 449 (94.3) | 321 (87.7) | 1509 (66.9) | 21 (3.6) | 64 (8.4) | 183 (28.5) | 146 (14.3) | 2974 (40.1) | |
| Doctoral or licentiate degree | 547 (100) | 466 (61.9) | 13 (2.7) | 34 (9.3) | 88 (3.9) | 1 (0.2) | 14 (1.8) | 37 (5.8) | 94 (9.2) | 1294 (17.5) |
| Mean (SD) | 7.6 (1.5) | 5.6 (2.0) | 5.5 (2.0) | 5.5 (2.1) | 5.9 (2.5) | 5.3 (2.4) | 3.9 (2.5) | 5.9 (2.0) | 5.5 (2.3) | 5.6 (2.4) |
Note(s): 1 = Professors, 2 = Academics, 3 = Economists, 4 = Engineers, 5 = Teachers, 6 = Industry employees, 7 = Service sector employees, 8 = Industry and financial professionals, 9 = hospital employees
Source(s): Created by authors
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