Determinants of firms' labour productivity – 2021
| (1) | (2) | (3) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OLS with full dataset | Model with lagged k | Model with subcontracting sample | ||||
| k | 0.170*** | (104.81) | 0.141*** | (82.52) | 0.181*** | (56.95) |
| Sex | −0.024*** | (−2.65) | −0.018* | (−1.96) | −0.027* | (−1.65) |
| Age | 0.035*** | (13.03) | 0.013*** | (6.87) | 0.023*** | (5.01) |
| Age squared | −0.000*** | (−11.82) | −0.000*** | (−6.75) | −0.000*** | (−4.86) |
| Manager education level† | ||||||
| Bachelor’s degree | −0.092*** | (−3.79) | −0.109*** | (−4.47) | −0.113*** | (−3.74) |
| College degree or less | −0.179*** | (−6.96) | −0.229*** | (−8.75) | −0.202*** | (−5.70) |
| Short-term education | −0.251*** | (−8.77) | −0.283*** | (−9.71) | −0.272*** | (−6.34) |
| No certificates | −0.266*** | (−9.29) | −0.301*** | (−10.33) | −0.300*** | (−6.94) |
| Other | −0.146*** | (−5.57) | −0.163*** | (−6.14) | −0.205*** | (−6.12) |
| Firm ownership†† | ||||||
| Collective | −0.835*** | (−11.75) | −0.880*** | (−12.39) | −0.679*** | (−7.72) |
| Private company | −0.350*** | (−5.58) | −0.377*** | (−6.19) | −0.245*** | (−4.26) |
| Limited company | −0.286*** | (−4.55) | −0.283*** | (−4.64) | −0.155*** | (−2.69) |
| Foreign company | −0.155** | (−2.46) | −0.129** | (−2.11) | 0.008 | (0.14) |
| Firm size††† | ||||||
| 5–9 workers | 0.290*** | (27.42) | 0.254*** | (23.04) | 0.240*** | (9.17) |
| 10–24 workers | 0.401*** | (35.49) | 0.345*** | (29.39) | 0.335*** | (13.82) |
| 25–49 workers | 0.430*** | (28.95) | 0.364*** | (23.87) | 0.343*** | (12.82) |
| 50–99 workers | 0.444*** | (24.97) | 0.379*** | (20.94) | 0.394*** | (14.75) |
| 100–199 workers | 0.467*** | (22.47) | 0.386*** | (18.39) | 0.431*** | (16.13) |
| 200–999 workers | 0.441*** | (20.88) | 0.342*** | (16.08) | 0.420*** | (15.35) |
| From 1,000 workers | 0.377*** | (10.88) | 0.267*** | (7.82) | 0.382*** | (10.18) |
| Region†††† | ||||||
| Red River Delta (other) | 0.016 | (0.87) | 0.0216 | (1.12) | 0.062** | (2.33) |
| Northern Central and Central Coast | −0.206*** | (−10.53) | −0.226*** | (−11.01) | −0.128*** | (−4.28) |
| Central Highlands | −0.224*** | (−6.61) | −0.269*** | (−7.67) | −0.152*** | (−2.78) |
| South East (other) | 0.197*** | (10.55) | 0.181*** | (9.29) | 0.136*** | (5.02) |
| Mekong River Delta | 0.031 | (1.47) | −0.010 | (−0.47) | −0.009 | (−0.30) |
| Ha Noi | 0.049*** | (2.59) | 0.016 | (0.81) | 0.155*** | (4.79) |
| Ho Chi Minh | 0.213*** | (11.64) | 0.124*** | (6.50) | 0.211*** | (7.15) |
| % of female workers | −0.164*** | (−11.32) | −0.172*** | (−11.34) | −0.470*** | (−18.10) |
| Website | 0.152*** | (10.99) | 0.177*** | (12.88) | 0.173*** | (9.44) |
| Import–export activities | 0.279*** | (24.15) | 0.288*** | (24.69) | 0.206*** | (13.08) |
| R&D | 0.125*** | (6.82) | 0.148*** | (7.99) | 0.159*** | (7.42) |
| Ln(localisation index) | 0.024*** | (9.17) | 0.029*** | (10.47) | 0.030*** | (6.80) |
| Constant | 3.082*** | (33.57) | 3.767*** | (40.26) | 3.454*** | (26.58) |
| No. of obs | 82,205 | 72,380 | 24,155 | |||
| Adjusted R2 | 0.295 | 0.268 | 0.336 | |||
| F-statistics | 1,078 | 831 | 382 | |||
| Prob > F | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | |||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OLS with full dataset | Model with lagged | Model with subcontracting sample | ||||
| 0.170*** | (104.81) | 0.141*** | (82.52) | 0.181*** | (56.95) | |
| Sex | −0.024*** | (−2.65) | −0.018* | (−1.96) | −0.027* | (−1.65) |
| Age | 0.035*** | (13.03) | 0.013*** | (6.87) | 0.023*** | (5.01) |
| Age squared | −0.000*** | (−11.82) | −0.000*** | (−6.75) | −0.000*** | (−4.86) |
| Bachelor’s degree | −0.092*** | (−3.79) | −0.109*** | (−4.47) | −0.113*** | (−3.74) |
| College degree or less | −0.179*** | (−6.96) | −0.229*** | (−8.75) | −0.202*** | (−5.70) |
| Short-term education | −0.251*** | (−8.77) | −0.283*** | (−9.71) | −0.272*** | (−6.34) |
| No certificates | −0.266*** | (−9.29) | −0.301*** | (−10.33) | −0.300*** | (−6.94) |
| Other | −0.146*** | (−5.57) | −0.163*** | (−6.14) | −0.205*** | (−6.12) |
| Collective | −0.835*** | (−11.75) | −0.880*** | (−12.39) | −0.679*** | (−7.72) |
| Private company | −0.350*** | (−5.58) | −0.377*** | (−6.19) | −0.245*** | (−4.26) |
| Limited company | −0.286*** | (−4.55) | −0.283*** | (−4.64) | −0.155*** | (−2.69) |
| Foreign company | −0.155** | (−2.46) | −0.129** | (−2.11) | 0.008 | (0.14) |
| 5–9 workers | 0.290*** | (27.42) | 0.254*** | (23.04) | 0.240*** | (9.17) |
| 10–24 workers | 0.401*** | (35.49) | 0.345*** | (29.39) | 0.335*** | (13.82) |
| 25–49 workers | 0.430*** | (28.95) | 0.364*** | (23.87) | 0.343*** | (12.82) |
| 50–99 workers | 0.444*** | (24.97) | 0.379*** | (20.94) | 0.394*** | (14.75) |
| 100–199 workers | 0.467*** | (22.47) | 0.386*** | (18.39) | 0.431*** | (16.13) |
| 200–999 workers | 0.441*** | (20.88) | 0.342*** | (16.08) | 0.420*** | (15.35) |
| From 1,000 workers | 0.377*** | (10.88) | 0.267*** | (7.82) | 0.382*** | (10.18) |
| Red River Delta (other) | 0.016 | (0.87) | 0.0216 | (1.12) | 0.062** | (2.33) |
| Northern Central and Central Coast | −0.206*** | (−10.53) | −0.226*** | (−11.01) | −0.128*** | (−4.28) |
| Central Highlands | −0.224*** | (−6.61) | −0.269*** | (−7.67) | −0.152*** | (−2.78) |
| South East (other) | 0.197*** | (10.55) | 0.181*** | (9.29) | 0.136*** | (5.02) |
| Mekong River Delta | 0.031 | (1.47) | −0.010 | (−0.47) | −0.009 | (−0.30) |
| Ha Noi | 0.049*** | (2.59) | 0.016 | (0.81) | 0.155*** | (4.79) |
| Ho Chi Minh | 0.213*** | (11.64) | 0.124*** | (6.50) | 0.211*** | (7.15) |
| % of female workers | −0.164*** | (−11.32) | −0.172*** | (−11.34) | −0.470*** | (−18.10) |
| Website | 0.152*** | (10.99) | 0.177*** | (12.88) | 0.173*** | (9.44) |
| Import–export activities | 0.279*** | (24.15) | 0.288*** | (24.69) | 0.206*** | (13.08) |
| R&D | 0.125*** | (6.82) | 0.148*** | (7.99) | 0.159*** | (7.42) |
| Ln(localisation index) | 0.024*** | (9.17) | 0.029*** | (10.47) | 0.030*** | (6.80) |
| Constant | 3.082*** | (33.57) | 3.767*** | (40.26) | 3.454*** | (26.58) |
| No. of obs | 82,205 | 72,380 | 24,155 | |||
| Adjusted | 0.295 | 0.268 | 0.336 | |||
| 1,078 | 831 | 382 | ||||
| Prob > | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | |||
Note(s): †Obtaining master’s degree or higher is the reference group
††State-owned enterprise is the reference group
†††Firms having from 1 to 4 workers is the reference group
††††Northern Mountains is the reference group
t statistics in parentheses
*p < 0.10, **p < 0.05 and ***p < 0.010
Source(s): Authors’ estimation using EC 2021
Sharing content requires targeting cookies to be enabled. Please update your cookie preferences to use this feature.