Table 5 Institutional quality, ICT...

Table 5

Institutional quality, ICT penetration and economic gender inclusion

Variables	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)
Variables	Dependent variable: female labour force participation (FLFP)
Rule of law	3.930**
Rule of law	(1.820)
ICT	0.313***	0.288***	0.325***	0.335***	0.299***	0.352***
ICT	(0.0765)	(0.0728)	(0.0784)	(0.0749)	(0.0734)	(0.0782)
Financial development	0.0348	0.0317	0.0553**	0.0510**	0.0176	0.0505*
Financial development	(0.0258)	(0.0267)	(0.0268)	(0.0257)	(0.0250)	(0.0260)
FDI	−0.0278	−0.0315	−0.0280	−0.0392	−0.0245	−0.0249
FDI	(0.0315)	(0.0282)	(0.0290)	(0.0290)	(0.0302)	(0.0286)
GDP per capita (log)	−6.279***	−7.097***	−5.279***	−6.742***	−7.545***	−5.187***
GDP per capita (log)	(1.555)	(1.504)	(1.385)	(1.325)	(1.695)	(1.327)
Regulatory quality		6.116***
Regulatory quality		(2.016)
Voice and accountability			1.909
Voice and accountability			(1.553)
Political stability				5.454***
Political stability				(1.647)
Government effectiveness					6.669***
Government effectiveness					(1.925)
Corruption control						0.939
Corruption control						(0.670)
Constant	101.3***	108.2***	91.49***	104.8***	112.8***	90.77***
Constant	(13.15)	(12.48)	(11.52)	(10.83)	(14.44)	(10.86)
Observations	2,142	2,142	2,142	2,141	2,142	2,142
R-squared	0.112	0.139	0.103	0.162	0.141	0.103
Fisher	6.376***	6.873***	6.364***	8.437***	7.042***	6.580***

Variables	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)
Variables	Dependent variable: female labour force participation (FLFP)
Rule of law	3.930**
Rule of law	(1.820)
ICT	0.313***	0.288***	0.325***	0.335***	0.299***	0.352***
ICT	(0.0765)	(0.0728)	(0.0784)	(0.0749)	(0.0734)	(0.0782)
Financial development	0.0348	0.0317	0.0553**	0.0510**	0.0176	0.0505*
Financial development	(0.0258)	(0.0267)	(0.0268)	(0.0257)	(0.0250)	(0.0260)
FDI	−0.0278	−0.0315	−0.0280	−0.0392	−0.0245	−0.0249
FDI	(0.0315)	(0.0282)	(0.0290)	(0.0290)	(0.0302)	(0.0286)
GDP per capita (log)	−6.279***	−7.097***	−5.279***	−6.742***	−7.545***	−5.187***
GDP per capita (log)	(1.555)	(1.504)	(1.385)	(1.325)	(1.695)	(1.327)
Regulatory quality		6.116***
Regulatory quality		(2.016)
Voice and accountability			1.909
Voice and accountability			(1.553)
Political stability				5.454***
Political stability				(1.647)
Government effectiveness					6.669***
Government effectiveness					(1.925)
Corruption control						0.939
Corruption control						(0.670)
Constant	101.3***	108.2***	91.49***	104.8***	112.8***	90.77***
Constant	(13.15)	(12.48)	(11.52)	(10.83)	(14.44)	(10.86)
Observations	2,142	2,142	2,142	2,141	2,142	2,142
R-squared	0.112	0.139	0.103	0.162	0.141	0.103
Fisher	6.376***	6.873***	6.364***	8.437***	7.042***	6.580***

Note(s): ICT, Information and communication technology; FDI, foreign direct investment; GDI, Gross domestic product; Standard errors in parentheses. ***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, *p < 0.1

Source(s): Computed by authors

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