Comparison of socio-demographic characteristics between survey participants (N = 1,312) in six cities in % of the sample
| Sample variables | Beijing (N = 255) | Shanghai (N = 266) | Guang Z (222) | Xi’an (195) | Harbin (187) | Qingdao (187) | Total (1,312) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | |||||||
| Female | 58.43 | 62.03 | 64.86 | 54.36 | 50.27 | 49.73 | 57.24 |
| Male | 41.57 | 37.97 | 35.14 | 45.64 | 49.73 | 50.27 | 42.76 |
| Age (in years) | |||||||
| 18∼25 | 29.80 | 31.58 | 40.54 | 36.92 | 31.02 | 39.57 | 34.60 |
| 26∼30 | 22.75 | 18.42 | 26.58 | 16.92 | 17.65 | 14.44 | 19.74 |
| 31∼40 | 29.80 | 30.45 | 25.23 | 20.51 | 29.41 | 22.99 | 26.75 |
| 41∼50 | 11.76 | 14.66 | 5.86 | 19.49 | 13.90 | 13.90 | 13.11 |
| 51∼60 | 4.31 | 3.01 | 1.35 | 5.64 | 3.74 | 5.88 | 3.89 |
| >60 | 1.57 | 1.88 | 0.45 | 0.51 | 4.28 | 3.21 | 1.91 |
| Education level (in years) | |||||||
| ≤9 years | 0.39 | 2.26 | 2.25 | 3.59 | 4.28 | 8.56 | 3.28 |
| 10∼12 | 5.49 | 5.64 | 3.60 | 12.82 | 12.30 | 10.70 | 8.00 |
| 13∼14 | 7.84 | 10.90 | 18.02 | 25.64 | 21.39 | 25.67 | 17.30 |
| 15∼16 | 68.24 | 68.80 | 67.12 | 47.18 | 52.94 | 45.99 | 59.68 |
| >16 | 18.04 | 12.41 | 9.01 | 10.77 | 9.09 | 9.09 | 11.74 |
| Personal monthly income(in RMB yuan) | |||||||
| <2,000 | 8.63 | 9.77 | 9.01 | 21.03 | 18.18 | 20.86 | 13.87 |
| 2,001∼5,000 | 12.55 | 15.79 | 18.47 | 31.28 | 24.60 | 29.41 | 21.11 |
| 5,001–10,000 | 33.73 | 36.84 | 40.09 | 34.36 | 39.04 | 34.76 | 36.43 |
| 10,001–15,000 | 24.31 | 19.92 | 18.02 | 8.72 | 10.16 | 10.70 | 16.08 |
| 15,001–20,000 | 13.33 | 10.53 | 9.01 | 3.08 | 3.74 | 2.14 | 7.55 |
| >20,000 | 7.45 | 7.14 | 5.41 | 1.54 | 4.28 | 2.14 | 4.95 |
| Sample variables | Beijing ( | Shanghai ( | Guang Z (222) | Xi’an (195) | Harbin (187) | Qingdao (187) | Total (1,312) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 58.43 | 62.03 | 64.86 | 54.36 | 50.27 | 49.73 | 57.24 |
| Male | 41.57 | 37.97 | 35.14 | 45.64 | 49.73 | 50.27 | 42.76 |
| 18∼25 | 29.80 | 31.58 | 40.54 | 36.92 | 31.02 | 39.57 | 34.60 |
| 26∼30 | 22.75 | 18.42 | 26.58 | 16.92 | 17.65 | 14.44 | 19.74 |
| 31∼40 | 29.80 | 30.45 | 25.23 | 20.51 | 29.41 | 22.99 | 26.75 |
| 41∼50 | 11.76 | 14.66 | 5.86 | 19.49 | 13.90 | 13.90 | 13.11 |
| 51∼60 | 4.31 | 3.01 | 1.35 | 5.64 | 3.74 | 5.88 | 3.89 |
| >60 | 1.57 | 1.88 | 0.45 | 0.51 | 4.28 | 3.21 | 1.91 |
| ≤9 years | 0.39 | 2.26 | 2.25 | 3.59 | 4.28 | 8.56 | 3.28 |
| 10∼12 | 5.49 | 5.64 | 3.60 | 12.82 | 12.30 | 10.70 | 8.00 |
| 13∼14 | 7.84 | 10.90 | 18.02 | 25.64 | 21.39 | 25.67 | 17.30 |
| 15∼16 | 68.24 | 68.80 | 67.12 | 47.18 | 52.94 | 45.99 | 59.68 |
| >16 | 18.04 | 12.41 | 9.01 | 10.77 | 9.09 | 9.09 | 11.74 |
| <2,000 | 8.63 | 9.77 | 9.01 | 21.03 | 18.18 | 20.86 | 13.87 |
| 2,001∼5,000 | 12.55 | 15.79 | 18.47 | 31.28 | 24.60 | 29.41 | 21.11 |
| 5,001–10,000 | 33.73 | 36.84 | 40.09 | 34.36 | 39.04 | 34.76 | 36.43 |
| 10,001–15,000 | 24.31 | 19.92 | 18.02 | 8.72 | 10.16 | 10.70 | 16.08 |
| 15,001–20,000 | 13.33 | 10.53 | 9.01 | 3.08 | 3.74 | 2.14 | 7.55 |
| >20,000 | 7.45 | 7.14 | 5.41 | 1.54 | 4.28 | 2.14 | 4.95 |
Source(s): Authors’ own creation
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