Biophilic elements present in study area
| Biophilic elements present in study areas (Total points = 55) | JMF | JMC | WWL | COM | WCL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Actual nature features (not images of real nature characteristics) | Air | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| Water | ✔ | – | – | – | – | |
| Plants | ✔ | ✔ | – | ✔ | – | |
| Animals | ✔ | – | – | – | – | |
| Natural materials | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Views | ✔ | ✔ | – | ✔ | – | |
| habitats | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Fire | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Natural shapes and forms/representations of nature and simulations | Animal-like | ✔ | – | – | – | ✔ |
| Shells and spirals | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Curves and arches | ✔ | – | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Fluid forms | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Abstraction of nature | ✔ | – | ✔ | ✔ | – | |
| Inside-outside | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Botanical motifs | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Natural patterns and processes- properties derived from natural features and processes | Natural ratios and scales | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – |
| Patterned wholes | – | – | – | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Linked series and chains | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Integration of parts to wholes | ✔ | – | ✔ | ✔ | – | |
| Area of emphasis | ✔ | ✔ | – | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Complementary contrasts | ✔ | ✔ | – | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Bounded spaces | – | – | ✔ | ✔ | – | |
| Age, change and the patina of time | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Sensory richness | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Dynamic balance and tension | ✔ | – | ✔ | ✔ | – | |
| Colour and light (colour, light and material qualities and space relationships to nature | Composition | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| Communication | ✔ | ✔ | – | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Preference | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Response | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ||
| Pragmatics | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Natural light | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Filtered light | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Reflected light | ✔ | – | – | – | – | |
| Light pools | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Warm light | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Light as shape and form | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Spaciousness | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Spatial variety | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Space as shape and form | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Spatial harmony | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Place-based relationships culture together with ecology, rooted in geography | Geographic connection to place | ✔ | ✔ | – | ✔ | ✔ |
| Historic connection to place | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Ecological connection to place | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Cultural connection to place | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Integration of culture and ecology | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Spirit of place | ✔ | ✔ | – | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Human-nature relationship paired biological needs of the human relationships to nature | Order/complexity | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| Prospect/refuge | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Curiosity/enticement | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | – | |
| Master/control | ✔ | – | – | – | – | |
| Attraction/attachment | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Exploration/discovery | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Fear/awe | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Reverence/spirituality | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Biophilic elements present in study areas (Total points = 55) | JMF | JMC | WWL | COM | WCL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Actual nature features (not images of real nature characteristics) | Air | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| Water | ✔ | – | – | – | – | |
| Plants | ✔ | ✔ | – | ✔ | – | |
| Animals | ✔ | – | – | – | – | |
| Natural materials | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Views | ✔ | ✔ | – | ✔ | – | |
| habitats | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Fire | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Natural shapes and forms/representations of nature and simulations | Animal-like | ✔ | – | – | – | ✔ |
| Shells and spirals | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Curves and arches | ✔ | – | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Fluid forms | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Abstraction of nature | ✔ | – | ✔ | ✔ | – | |
| Inside-outside | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Botanical motifs | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Natural patterns and processes- properties derived from natural features and processes | Natural ratios and scales | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – |
| Patterned wholes | – | – | – | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Linked series and chains | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Integration of parts to wholes | ✔ | – | ✔ | ✔ | – | |
| Area of emphasis | ✔ | ✔ | – | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Complementary contrasts | ✔ | ✔ | – | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Bounded spaces | – | – | ✔ | ✔ | – | |
| Age, change and the patina of time | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Sensory richness | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Dynamic balance and tension | ✔ | – | ✔ | ✔ | – | |
| Colour and light (colour, light and material qualities and space relationships to nature | Composition | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| Communication | ✔ | ✔ | – | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Preference | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Response | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ||
| Pragmatics | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Natural light | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Filtered light | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Reflected light | ✔ | – | – | – | – | |
| Light pools | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Warm light | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Light as shape and form | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Spaciousness | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Spatial variety | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Space as shape and form | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Spatial harmony | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Place-based relationships culture together with ecology, rooted in geography | Geographic connection to place | ✔ | ✔ | – | ✔ | ✔ |
| Historic connection to place | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Ecological connection to place | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Cultural connection to place | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Integration of culture and ecology | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Spirit of place | ✔ | ✔ | – | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Human-nature relationship paired biological needs of the human relationships to nature | Order/complexity | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| Prospect/refuge | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Curiosity/enticement | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | – | |
| Master/control | ✔ | – | – | – | – | |
| Attraction/attachment | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Exploration/discovery | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
| Fear/awe | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | ✔ | |
| Reverence/spirituality | ✔ | – | – | ✔ | – | |
Source(s): Table created by author
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