Data source and classification. Gioia method
| Quotes from data | First-order concepts | Second-order themes | Aggregate dimensions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ecosystem governance | Synergy | Contextual transparency |
| Openness of information | ||
| Safeguarding | Strengthening Trust | |
| “We are working on the involvement of municipalities, provinces, and the estate in the process taxation to waste or natural resources and other incentives that could potentially reduce the use of virgin materials.” “We need legislation for the CE, but we also need economic instruments like taxes, I think those are the most efficient.” | Financial instruments | Taxation for CE | Incentivization as Regulatory Leverage |
| Sustainability practices by mandate | Regulatory compliance | |
| Integrated Regulatory Framework | ||
| Stakeholder engagement | Community involvement | Engagement and Public participation |
| Public participation in local and national projects | ||
| CE holistic approach | ||
| Inclusion of the public by pricing environmental costs | Environmental accountability | |
| Democratization of data in the EU | Promoting data sharing | Standardization via strategic autonomy |
| Product information | Traceability of the whole value chain | |
| Dependance on the US to manage data | Avoid the reliance of data by intermediaries | |
| Advancements on data independence | ||
| “I’m exploring the “handprint” concept, my own environmental impact. Debating unity, possibly in the EU market. Implementing this policy, particularly on the climate side, is challenging but research institutes are involved, but no international standards exist yet. Working on a national framework, aiming to become an international standard through the EU, but it’s in the early stages | Handprint Concept Exploration | Challenges in Implementing Environmental Impact Policies and Standardization |
| Quotes from data | First-order concepts | Second-order themes | Aggregate dimensions |
|---|---|---|---|
“We are creating this type of operating model for ecosystems, especially data related ecosystems. These drive on transparency and there’s also trust and other principles fair data economy.” “Transparency is critical, but it must be done at the level required for specific tasks; it is not the same information that all stakeholders require.” | Ecosystem governance | Synergy | Contextual transparency |
“So actually, when we think about what is included in the fair (data), I think the transparency is one of the keys …. we work under the Finnish Parliament with endowment capital, so everything we do needs to be open.” “So, the only way for us to get to this transparent and effective data economy, which the European Union is pushing the single market for, is to create effective decentralized data sharing protocols.” “Transparency is critical; it should include not just the origin, but also the components in detail, because if you want to circulate the material, you must first understand what it is and ensure that it is made in a sustainable manner.” | Openness of information | ||
“In Europe we live in a trust-based society, however trust is in constant attack by social media and algorithms. Trust should be maintained and nurture and supported by other means.” “We also need to consider the social implications of who did it and whether or not there was a child involved or similar” | Safeguarding | Strengthening Trust | |
| “We are working on the involvement of municipalities, provinces, and the estate in the process taxation to waste or natural resources and other incentives that could potentially reduce the use of virgin materials.” | Financial instruments | Taxation for CE | Incentivization as Regulatory Leverage |
“In Finland in some cases the companies are asked to follow sustainable and CE practices in a voluntary base, which is not fair” | Sustainability practices by mandate | Regulatory compliance | |
“In the next couple of years, the EU regulation will obligate the companies to provide all the data together with the products they make, companies will only be allowed to buy materials from suppliers that provide information.” “From the ministry we have all the tools in place for the CE, we have regulation, financial direction, communication campaigns, environmental education, etc.” | Integrated Regulatory Framework | ||
“As part of the legislation, we have legally binding means to involve stakeholders and seek the public’s opinion on specific projects, especially the big ones.” | Stakeholder engagement | Community involvement | Engagement and Public participation |
“An important component of general environmental regulation is that people have a say in what happens to the environment in their town or city, or even more locally or nationally.” | Public participation in local and national projects | ||
“The circular economy needs a holistic perspective, we are working with companies, clusters and people.” | CE holistic approach | ||
“the real price of a product should contain the environmental cost of producing it, so the people know what they are buying.” | Inclusion of the public by pricing environmental costs | Environmental accountability | |
“The EU is trying to get rid of gatekeepers. Huge companies won’t own the data in the near future” | Democratization of data in the EU | Promoting data sharing | Standardization via strategic autonomy |
“In really simple terms, in the textile sector, for example, we are changing the current system of product backward tracing to fiber forward tracing, and it will also be applied in other sectors.” | Product information | Traceability of the whole value chain | |
“Now we have to rely on the language models developed in the US by the biggest giants” “Currently big corporations own the information; they can sell it or use it as they wish. That´s what we think must change” | Dependance on the US to manage data | Avoid the reliance of data by intermediaries | |
“In Sitra we are considering very seriously the concept of strategic autonomy, to avoid data dependency and to bring more fairness to the information” | Advancements on data independence | ||
| “I’m exploring the “handprint” concept, my own environmental impact. Debating unity, possibly in the EU market. Implementing this policy, particularly on the climate side, is challenging but research institutes are involved, but no international standards exist yet. Working on a national framework, aiming to become an international standard through the EU, but it’s in the early stages | Handprint Concept Exploration | Challenges in Implementing Environmental Impact Policies and Standardization |
Source(s): Table created by authors
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