Table 1 Descriptive statistics and... | Emerald Publishing

Table 1

Descriptive statistics and correlation coefficients

Pairwise correlations
Variables	Mean	S.D.	Min	Max	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)	(9)	(10)
(1) International business growth	0.04	0.629	−2.367	2.398	1.000
(2) Degree of internationalization (DOI)	0.475	0.236	0	0.914	−0.197*	1.000
(3) DOI (squared)	0.009	0.016	0	0.107	0.547*	−0.100*	1.000
(4) Institutional Distance	24.153	17.504	0	104.051	−0.161*	0.719*	−0.076	1.000
(5) Concentration of client nationality	0.38	0.198	0.111	1	0.039	−0.234*	−0.087	−0.423*	1.000
(6) Foreign client transaction structure	0.345	0.21	0.081	1	0.198*	−0.560*	0.089	−0.446*	0.316*	1.000
(7) Domestic client transaction structure	0.163	0.143	0.022	0.799	0.057	0.074	0.006	−0.254*	0.189*	0.152*	1.000
(8) Concentration in technology area	0.046	0.045	0.011	0.423	0.110*	−0.143*	0.012	−0.316*	0.113*	0.219*	0.456*	1.000
(9) Number of patent claims per application	7.756	1.772	3.901	18.81	0.061	0.317*	0.114*	0.112*	0.148*	−0.043	0.153*	0.135*	1.000
(10) Number of pages per application	19.712	6.072	9.976	51.813	0.004	0.399*	−0.005	0.275*	−0.103*	−0.304*	−0.057	0.155*	0.285*	1.000
(11) Patent registration rate	0.45	0.085	0.226	0.706	−0.035	0.012	0.026	0.062	−0.145*	0.015	−0.112*	−0.124*	0.108*	−0.060
(12) Number of patent attoneys	3.093	0.651	1.386	4.543	0.005	0.425*	0.110*	0.675*	−0.229*	−0.267*	−0.346*	−0.367*	0.088	0.217*
(13) Turnover rate	0.119	0.145	0	1	−0.204*	−0.178*	−0.058	−0.177*	0.103*	0.082	−0.037	0.029	−0.093	−0.100*
(14) Organizational age	3.502	0.671	0.693	4.779	−0.078	0.372*	−0.048	0.509*	−0.226*	−0.244*	−0.122*	−0.386*	0.051	0.035
(15) Domestic and foreign technological distance	0.313	0.207	−0.018	0.883	−0.058	0.388*	−0.006	0.541*	−0.260*	−0.227*	−0.155*	−0.151*	0.091	0.212*

Pairwise correlations
Variables	Mean	S.D.	Min	Max	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)	(9)	(10)
(1) International business growth	0.04	0.629	−2.367	2.398	1.000
(2) Degree of internationalization (DOI)	0.475	0.236	0	0.914	−0.197*	1.000
(3) DOI (squared)	0.009	0.016	0	0.107	0.547*	−0.100*	1.000
(4) Institutional Distance	24.153	17.504	0	104.051	−0.161*	0.719*	−0.076	1.000
(5) Concentration of client nationality	0.38	0.198	0.111	1	0.039	−0.234*	−0.087	−0.423*	1.000
(6) Foreign client transaction structure	0.345	0.21	0.081	1	0.198*	−0.560*	0.089	−0.446*	0.316*	1.000
(7) Domestic client transaction structure	0.163	0.143	0.022	0.799	0.057	0.074	0.006	−0.254*	0.189*	0.152*	1.000
(8) Concentration in technology area	0.046	0.045	0.011	0.423	0.110*	−0.143*	0.012	−0.316*	0.113*	0.219*	0.456*	1.000
(9) Number of patent claims per application	7.756	1.772	3.901	18.81	0.061	0.317*	0.114*	0.112*	0.148*	−0.043	0.153*	0.135*	1.000
(10) Number of pages per application	19.712	6.072	9.976	51.813	0.004	0.399*	−0.005	0.275*	−0.103*	−0.304*	−0.057	0.155*	0.285*	1.000
(11) Patent registration rate	0.45	0.085	0.226	0.706	−0.035	0.012	0.026	0.062	−0.145*	0.015	−0.112*	−0.124*	0.108*	−0.060
(12) Number of patent attoneys	3.093	0.651	1.386	4.543	0.005	0.425*	0.110*	0.675*	−0.229*	−0.267*	−0.346*	−0.367*	0.088	0.217*
(13) Turnover rate	0.119	0.145	0	1	−0.204*	−0.178*	−0.058	−0.177*	0.103*	0.082	−0.037	0.029	−0.093	−0.100*
(14) Organizational age	3.502	0.671	0.693	4.779	−0.078	0.372*	−0.048	0.509*	−0.226*	−0.244*	−0.122*	−0.386*	0.051	0.035
(15) Domestic and foreign technological distance	0.313	0.207	−0.018	0.883	−0.058	0.388*	−0.006	0.541*	−0.260*	−0.227*	−0.155*	−0.151*	0.091	0.212*

	(11)	(12)	(13)	(14)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)	1.000
(12)	0.153*	1.000
(13)	−0.084	−0.163*	1.000
(14)	0.246*	0.366*	−0.207*	1.000
(15)	0.050	0.506*	−0.144*	0.286*

	(11)	(12)	(13)	(14)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)	1.000
(12)	0.153*	1.000
(13)	−0.084	−0.163*	1.000
(14)	0.246*	0.366*	−0.207*	1.000
(15)	0.050	0.506*	−0.144*	0.286*

Source(s): Authors’ work