Table A1.

Abductive coding scheme

CodeThemesHigher-level construct
ParticipationInstitutional constraintsEEs with constraints
Intermediary organisations
Support measures
Access to finance
Networks
Labour marketDiscrimination
Neighbourhood
Ethnicity
Self-segregationSocial barriers
External segregation
Not belonging
Feeling different
Cultural divergence
Family and friendsNetworks and community
engagement
Entrepreneurial agency
Neighbourhood
Memberships & networks
Self-organising
Social mobilityBricolage
Seizing opportunities
Self-help
Alternative trajectories
AmbitionEntrepreneurial gene
Self-confidence
Self-esteem
Self-empowerment
n/aCultural adaption*
Cultural competenceLeveraging migrant background
Entrepreneurial culture
Multilingualism
Mixed embeddedness

Note:

(*) As no instances of cultural adaptation were identified in the data, this construct was not given further consideration

Source: Authors’ own work

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