Detailed heterogeneous FDI growth effects by industry in Cambodia, 1994–2017
| Variables | Dependent variable: output growth by sector/industry | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (4.1) | (4.2) | (4.3) | (4.4) | (4.5) | |
| ln(FDI) | 0.391*** | 0.233*** | 0.235*** | 0.276*** | 0.229*** |
| (0.068) | (0.039) | (0.048) | (0.038) | (0.041) | |
| Inflation | −0.010 | −0.015** | −0.013* | −0.017* | −0.015** |
| (0.021) | (0.006) | (0.007) | (0.008) | (0.006) | |
| Openness | 0.022 | 0.028*** | 0.025*** | 0.029*** | 0.028*** |
| (0.016) | (0.007) | (0.008) | (0.007) | (0.007) | |
| ln(gov't_spending) | 1.097 | 1.680*** | 1.133** | 1.895*** | 1.751*** |
| (1.036) | (0.425) | (0.485) | (0.396) | (0.439) | |
| ln(RCA) | 0.207*** | 0.290*** | 0.503*** | 0.067 | 0.242*** |
| (0.059) | (0.053) | (0.062) | (0.065) | (0.061) | |
| ln(FDI) × Ln(RCA) | 0.019** | ||||
| (0.006) | |||||
| ln(FDI)_industry1 | 0.172*** | ||||
| (0.009) | |||||
| ln(FDI)_industry4 | 0.103*** | ||||
| (0.011) | |||||
| ln(FDI)_industry5 | 0.087*** | ||||
| (0.018) | |||||
| ln(FDI)_industry7 | −0.023 | ||||
| (0.015) | |||||
| ln(FDI)_industry8 | 0.020* | ||||
| (0.012) | |||||
| ln(FDI)_industry9 | 0.017 | ||||
| (0.012) | |||||
| ln(FDI)_industry11 | −0.011 | ||||
| (0.011) | |||||
| ln(FDI) × RCA_industry1 | 0.194*** | ||||
| (0.011) | |||||
| ln(FDI) × RCA_industry4 | 0.116*** | ||||
| (0.013) | |||||
| ln(FDI) × RCA_industry5 | 0.089*** | ||||
| (0.018) | |||||
| ln(FDI) × RCA_industry7 | −0.012 | ||||
| (0.016) | |||||
| ln(FDI) × RCA_industry8 | 0.026* | ||||
| (0.015) | |||||
| ln(FDI) × RCA_industry9 | 0.023* | ||||
| (0.013) | |||||
| ln(FDI) × RCA_industry11 | −0.007 | ||||
| (0.013) | |||||
| Constant | 2.008 | 2.267 | 3.955*** | 1.805 | 2.038 |
| (3.229) | (1.382) | (1.500) | (1.677) | (1.456) | |
| Observations | 134 | 134 | 134 | 134 | 134 |
| R-squared | 0.389 | 0.912 | 0.873 | 0.518 | 0.906 |
| Time FE | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Industry FE | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Variables | Dependent variable: output growth by sector/industry | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (4.1) | (4.2) | (4.3) | (4.4) | (4.5) | |
| ln(FDI) | 0.391*** | 0.233*** | 0.235*** | 0.276*** | 0.229*** |
| (0.068) | (0.039) | (0.048) | (0.038) | (0.041) | |
| Inflation | −0.010 | −0.015** | −0.013* | −0.017* | −0.015** |
| (0.021) | (0.006) | (0.007) | (0.008) | (0.006) | |
| Openness | 0.022 | 0.028*** | 0.025*** | 0.029*** | 0.028*** |
| (0.016) | (0.007) | (0.008) | (0.007) | (0.007) | |
| ln(gov't_spending) | 1.097 | 1.680*** | 1.133** | 1.895*** | 1.751*** |
| (1.036) | (0.425) | (0.485) | (0.396) | (0.439) | |
| ln(RCA) | 0.207*** | 0.290*** | 0.503*** | 0.067 | 0.242*** |
| (0.059) | (0.053) | (0.062) | (0.065) | (0.061) | |
| ln(FDI) × Ln(RCA) | 0.019** | ||||
| (0.006) | |||||
| ln(FDI)_industry1 | 0.172*** | ||||
| (0.009) | |||||
| ln(FDI)_industry4 | 0.103*** | ||||
| (0.011) | |||||
| ln(FDI)_industry5 | 0.087*** | ||||
| (0.018) | |||||
| ln(FDI)_industry7 | −0.023 | ||||
| (0.015) | |||||
| ln(FDI)_industry8 | 0.020* | ||||
| (0.012) | |||||
| ln(FDI)_industry9 | 0.017 | ||||
| (0.012) | |||||
| ln(FDI)_industry11 | −0.011 | ||||
| (0.011) | |||||
| ln(FDI) × RCA_industry1 | 0.194*** | ||||
| (0.011) | |||||
| ln(FDI) × RCA_industry4 | 0.116*** | ||||
| (0.013) | |||||
| ln(FDI) × RCA_industry5 | 0.089*** | ||||
| (0.018) | |||||
| ln(FDI) × RCA_industry7 | −0.012 | ||||
| (0.016) | |||||
| ln(FDI) × RCA_industry8 | 0.026* | ||||
| (0.015) | |||||
| ln(FDI) × RCA_industry9 | 0.023* | ||||
| (0.013) | |||||
| ln(FDI) × RCA_industry11 | −0.007 | ||||
| (0.013) | |||||
| Constant | 2.008 | 2.267 | 3.955*** | 1.805 | 2.038 |
| (3.229) | (1.382) | (1.500) | (1.677) | (1.456) | |
| Observations | 134 | 134 | 134 | 134 | 134 |
| R-squared | 0.389 | 0.912 | 0.873 | 0.518 | 0.906 |
| Time FE | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Industry FE | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Note(s): Robust standard errors in parentheses, ***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, *p < 0.1
Source(s): Authors' computation
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