Table 2. Reliability and validity...

Table 2.

Reliability and validity (overall sample)

Items	Overall factor loading
Customer loyalty (CLOY) Adapted from Hwang et al. (2021) α = 0.816; CR = 0.891; AVE = 0.732
I will consider WeChat payment as my first choice for payment in the future	0.885
It would be difficult to change my belief about WeChat payments	0.863
My preference will remain for transactions through WeChat payments	0.817
Intimacy (INTM) Adapted from Huaman‐Ramirez et al. (2022) α = 0.8260; CR = 896; AVE = 0.742
I think using WeChat payments is friendly	0.871
I use WeChat payments without any issues	0.890
I feel a sense of intimacy with WeChat payments	0.822
Perceived enjoyment (PERENJ) Adapted from Butt et al. (2021a) α = 0.885; CR = 0.921; AVE = 0.744
I find the experience of using Hongbao on WeChat is pleasant	0.831
I find the experience of using Hongbao on WeChat is exciting	0.858
I find the experience of using Hongbao on WeChat is interesting	0.874
I find the experience of using Hongbao on WeChat is enjoyable	0.886
Perceived playfulness (PPFN) Adapted from Kang et al. (2020) α = 0.882; CR = 0.918; AVE = 0.737
This Hongbao option on WeChat is playful	0.824
This Hongbao option on WeChat is creative	0.877
This Hongbao option on WeChat is inventive	0.854
This Hongbao option on WeChat is experimenting	0.879
Perceived usefulness (PU) Adapted from (Butt et al., 2021b) α = 0.840; CR = 0.893; AVE = 0.677
Using WeChat payments is easy for me	0.834
Using WeChat payments increases my efficiency	0.819
I can pay more quickly through WeChat payments	0.859
Using WeChat payments useful for daily transactions	0.775
Word of mouth (WOM) Adapted from Kuppelwieser et al. (2022) α = 0.825; CR = 0.896; AVE = 0.741
I will positively recommend others WeChat payments	0.871
I will encourage my friends and family to use WeChat payments for shopping	0.884
I will regularly ask others to use WeChat payments	0.826

Items	Overall factor loading
Customer loyalty (CLOY)Adapted from Hwang et al. (2021) α = 0.816; CR = 0.891; AVE = 0.732
I will consider WeChat payment as my first choice for payment in the future	0.885
It would be difficult to change my belief about WeChat payments	0.863
My preference will remain for transactions through WeChat payments	0.817
Intimacy (INTM)Adapted from Huaman‐Ramirez et al. (2022) α = 0.8260; CR = 896; AVE = 0.742
I think using WeChat payments is friendly	0.871
I use WeChat payments without any issues	0.890
I feel a sense of intimacy with WeChat payments	0.822
Perceived enjoyment (PERENJ)Adapted from Butt et al. (2021a) α = 0.885; CR = 0.921; AVE = 0.744
I find the experience of using Hongbao on WeChat is pleasant	0.831
I find the experience of using Hongbao on WeChat is exciting	0.858
I find the experience of using Hongbao on WeChat is interesting	0.874
I find the experience of using Hongbao on WeChat is enjoyable	0.886
Perceived playfulness (PPFN)Adapted from Kang et al. (2020) α = 0.882; CR = 0.918; AVE = 0.737
This Hongbao option on WeChat is playful	0.824
This Hongbao option on WeChat is creative	0.877
This Hongbao option on WeChat is inventive	0.854
This Hongbao option on WeChat is experimenting	0.879
Perceived usefulness (PU)Adapted from (Butt et al., 2021b) α = 0.840; CR = 0.893; AVE = 0.677
Using WeChat payments is easy for me	0.834
Using WeChat payments increases my efficiency	0.819
I can pay more quickly through WeChat payments	0.859
Using WeChat payments useful for daily transactions	0.775
Word of mouth (WOM)Adapted from Kuppelwieser et al. (2022) α = 0.825; CR = 0.896; AVE = 0.741
I will positively recommend others WeChat payments	0.871
I will encourage my friends and family to use WeChat payments for shopping	0.884
I will regularly ask others to use WeChat payments	0.826

Notes:

α, CR and AVE denote Cronbach’s alpha, composite reliability and average variance extracted, respectively

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