Challenges facing the use of PtD
| Consult. | Contr. | Govt. | Overall | K-W | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Challenges facing the use of PtD | M | R | M | R | M | R | M | R | Chi-sq. | p-value |
| Poor safety culture of the construction industry | 4.49 | 1 | 4.44 | 1 | 4.64 | 3 | 4.51 | 1 | 0.764 | 0.682 |
| Budget constraints in construction project | 4.43 | 2 | 4.39 | 3 | 4.50 | 8 | 4.43 | 2 | 0.271 | 0.873 |
| Lack of PtD education and training | 4.33 | 4 | 4.28 | 5 | 4.79 | 1 | 4.42 | 3 | 4.825 | 0.090 |
| Absence of supporting policies and standards | 4.43 | 2 | 4.11 | 8 | 4.64 | 3 | 4.39 | 4 | 1.469 | 0.480 |
| Deficiency in designers' skills and understanding of PtD | 4.31 | 5 | 4.29 | 4 | 4.50 | 8 | 4.35 | 5 | 0.137 | 0.934 |
| Overdependence on subcontracting in project delivery | 4.26 | 7 | 4.11 | 8 | 4.79 | 1 | 4.33 | 6 | 3.871 | 0.144 |
| Resistance to change among design professionals | 4.23 | 9 | 4.44 | 1 | 4.36 | 12 | 4.31 | 7 | 1.779 | 0.411 |
| Poor health and safety management programs, procedures and policies | 4.26 | 7 | 4.06 | 11 | 4.64 | 3 | 4.28 | 8 | 4.854 | 0.088 |
| Uncertainty of the required capabilities | 4.29 | 6 | 3.94 | 12 | 4.64 | 3 | 4.27 | 9 | 3.776 | 0.151 |
| Clients' fear of additional cost of safety design practices | 4.23 | 9 | 4.17 | 7 | 4.50 | 8 | 4.27 | 9 | 1.027 | 0.598 |
| Design uncertainty | 4.17 | 11 | 4.11 | 8 | 4.50 | 8 | 4.22 | 11 | 1.656 | 0.437 |
| Non-inclusion of safety officers at the project design phase | 4.00 | 12 | 4.22 | 6 | 4.64 | 3 | 4.19 | 12 | 2.525 | 0.283 |
| Consult. | Contr. | Govt. | Overall | K-W | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Challenges facing the use of PtD | M | R | M | R | M | R | M | R | Chi-sq. | |
| Poor safety culture of the construction industry | 4.49 | 1 | 4.44 | 1 | 4.64 | 3 | 4.51 | 1 | 0.764 | 0.682 |
| Budget constraints in construction project | 4.43 | 2 | 4.39 | 3 | 4.50 | 8 | 4.43 | 2 | 0.271 | 0.873 |
| Lack of PtD education and training | 4.33 | 4 | 4.28 | 5 | 4.79 | 1 | 4.42 | 3 | 4.825 | 0.090 |
| Absence of supporting policies and standards | 4.43 | 2 | 4.11 | 8 | 4.64 | 3 | 4.39 | 4 | 1.469 | 0.480 |
| Deficiency in designers' skills and understanding of PtD | 4.31 | 5 | 4.29 | 4 | 4.50 | 8 | 4.35 | 5 | 0.137 | 0.934 |
| Overdependence on subcontracting in project delivery | 4.26 | 7 | 4.11 | 8 | 4.79 | 1 | 4.33 | 6 | 3.871 | 0.144 |
| Resistance to change among design professionals | 4.23 | 9 | 4.44 | 1 | 4.36 | 12 | 4.31 | 7 | 1.779 | 0.411 |
| Poor health and safety management programs, procedures and policies | 4.26 | 7 | 4.06 | 11 | 4.64 | 3 | 4.28 | 8 | 4.854 | 0.088 |
| Uncertainty of the required capabilities | 4.29 | 6 | 3.94 | 12 | 4.64 | 3 | 4.27 | 9 | 3.776 | 0.151 |
| Clients' fear of additional cost of safety design practices | 4.23 | 9 | 4.17 | 7 | 4.50 | 8 | 4.27 | 9 | 1.027 | 0.598 |
| Design uncertainty | 4.17 | 11 | 4.11 | 8 | 4.50 | 8 | 4.22 | 11 | 1.656 | 0.437 |
| Non-inclusion of safety officers at the project design phase | 4.00 | 12 | 4.22 | 6 | 4.64 | 3 | 4.19 | 12 | 2.525 | 0.283 |
Note(s): R = Rank, M = Mean score, SD = Standard deviation
Source(s): Author’s compilation (2024)