Table 1

Explanation of the survey scale

ImpactDescriptionExample
1Less occurrenceThe factor is unlikely to cause rework. Any impact on the project is negligible, and it rarely results in the need for corrections or adjustmentsA minor, easily correctable discrepancy in a non-critical area of the project
2Moderate occurrenceThe factor occasionally causes rework, but its effects are limited. It results in minor adjustments that do not significantly affect the overall project timeline or budgetSmall errors in specifications that require minor changes to materials or processes
3High occurrenceThe factor frequently causes rework, leading to noticeable disruptions. It results in moderate adjustments that can affect the project timeline or budget to a certain extentIncomplete drawings that necessitate multiple corrections and affect the sequencing of certain tasks
4Very high occurrenceThe factor consistently causes significant rework, leading to major disruptions. It results in substantial adjustments that heavily impact the project timeline, budget, and overall qualityMajor design flaws or inadequate funding leading to significant delays, cost overruns, and extensive rework

Source(s): Table by author

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