Propensity score matching diagnostic tests
| Variables | N | Treated | N | Control | Mean difference | t-statistics |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Panel A: Post-matched sample univariate analysis | ||||||
| DTA | 918 | 0.546 | 918 | 0.531 | 0.015 | 1.62 |
| FIRM_AGE | 918 | 3.503 | 918 | 3.497 | 0.006 | 0.20 |
| FIRM_SIZE | 918 | 8.657 | 918 | 8.692 | −0.035 | −0.66 |
| FAR | 918 | 0.497 | 918 | 0.498 | −0.001 | −0.12 |
| SALES_GROW | 918 | 2.009 | 918 | 1.951 | 0.058 | 0.76 |
| MARK_CAP | 918 | 2.837 | 918 | 2.838 | −0.001 | −0.34 |
| PPE | 918 | 3.068 | 918 | 3.064 | 0.004 | 1.24 |
| Panel B: Propensity score matching estimator | ||||||
| ROA | 2,314 | 0.063 | 5,042 | 0.033 | 0.029 | 6.32 |
| Variables | Treated | Control | Mean difference | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 918 | 0.546 | 918 | 0.531 | 0.015 | 1.62 | |
| 918 | 3.503 | 918 | 3.497 | 0.006 | 0.20 | |
| 918 | 8.657 | 918 | 8.692 | −0.035 | −0.66 | |
| 918 | 0.497 | 918 | 0.498 | −0.001 | −0.12 | |
| 918 | 2.009 | 918 | 1.951 | 0.058 | 0.76 | |
| 918 | 2.837 | 918 | 2.838 | −0.001 | −0.34 | |
| 918 | 3.068 | 918 | 3.064 | 0.004 | 1.24 | |
| 2,314 | 0.063 | 5,042 | 0.033 | 0.029 | 6.32 | |
Notes:
Panels A and B of Table 7 present the mean differences in firm-level financial control variables and the main dependent variable as the estimator for the treatment and control groups based on the post-match sample; firms where the proportion of CG compliance (CGCI_UW) is above the industry-year average is defined as belonging to the treatment group; control firms are matched firms where the proportion of CG compliance (CGCI_UW) is below the industry-year average; control firms are matched using PSM (nearest firm with replacement) on the same control variables in Table 4
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