Linear regression of turnover intention for principals, assistant principals and total sample
| Total sample (n = 1,945) | Principals (n = 1,206) | Assistant principals (n = 739) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
| Constant | 7.71*** | 4.66*** | 5.97*** | 3.98*** | 6.41*** | 7.66*** | 4.77*** | 6.11*** | 3.60*** | 6.29*** | 7.83*** | 4.52*** | 5.54*** | 4.89*** | 6.25*** |
| Leader characteristics | |||||||||||||||
| Gender (female as reference) | 0.38*** | 0.41*** | 0.32* | 0.52*** | 0.55*** | 0.38* | 0.26 | 0.30 | 0.26 | ||||||
| Age | 0.00 | 0.00 | −0.01 | −0.00 | 0.00 | −0.01 | 0.00 | −0.01 | −0.01 | ||||||
| Health | −0.24*** | −0.24*** | −0.19*** | −0.24*** | −0.24*** | −0.19*** | −0.24*** | −0.23*** | −0.18*** | ||||||
| Experience | 0.06** | 0.05* | 0.05* | 0.07** | 0.05* | 0.05* | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.04 | ||||||
| Emotional instability | 0.26*** | 0.22*** | 0.17*** | 0.24*** | 0.21*** | 0.15*** | 0.28*** | 0.23*** | 0.20*** | ||||||
| Self-efficacy | −0.44*** | −0.30*** | −0.14*** | −0.42*** | −0.28*** | −0.11* | −0.48*** | −0.33*** | −0.18** | ||||||
| Interpersonal dynamics | |||||||||||||||
| Trust in co-workers | −0.30*** | −0.06 | −0.11** | −0.29*** | −0.11* | −0.17*** | −0.30*** | 0.02 | −0.01 | ||||||
| Emotional containing | 0.21*** | 0.17*** | 0.10*** | 0.22*** | 0.17*** | 0.09*** | 0.20*** | 0.17*** | 0.12*** | ||||||
| Co-worker dynamics | 0.14*** | 0.07** | 0.00 | 0.09* | 0.03 | −0.05 | 0.22*** | 0.15*** | 0.07 | ||||||
| Mentoring co-workers | −0.02 | 0.01 | −0.02 | −0.02 | 0.01 | −0.03 | −0.03 | 0.01 | 0.00 | ||||||
| Co-workers 1–20 | 0.03 | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.30 | 0.41 | −0.04 | −0.07 | −0.12 | ||||||
| Co-workers 21- | 0.04 | 0.09 | −0.09 | 0.02 | 0.30 | 0.29 | −0.02 | −0.07 | −0.21 | ||||||
| Situational context | |||||||||||||||
| Compulsory school (preschool as reference) | 0.19 | 0.14 | 0.10 | 0.16 | 0.01 | 0.03 | |||||||||
| High school (preschool as reference) | 0.32* | 0.35* | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.29 | 0.43 | |||||||||
| Adult education (preschool as reference) | 0.34 | 0.38 | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.42 | 0.43 | |||||||||
| Organizer (private as reference) | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | −0.04 | 0.03 | |||||||||
| Salary satisfaction | −0.08*** | −0.06** | −0.08*** | −0.07* | −0.09* | −0.04 | |||||||||
| Resource deficit | 0.07*** | 0.07*** | 0.09*** | 0.06* | 0.06* | 0.08* | |||||||||
| Organizational role demands | 0.32*** | 0.17*** | 0.33*** | 0.21*** | 0.30*** | 0.11* | |||||||||
| Support from superior | −0.25*** | −0.19*** | −0.22*** | −0.17*** | −0.31*** | −0.23*** | |||||||||
| Adjusted R2 | 0.28 | 0.20 | 0.34 | 0.33 | 0.44 | 0.25 | 0.18 | 0.32 | 0.34 | 0.43 | 0.32 | 0.23 | 0.36 | 0.33 | 0.45 |
| R2 | 0.28 | 0.20 | 0.34 | 0.33 | 0.45 | 0.26 | 0.18 | 0.33 | 0.34 | 0.44 | 0.32 | 0.23 | 0.38 | 0.34 | 0.47 |
| Total sample ( | Principals ( | Assistant principals ( | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
| Constant | 7.71*** | 4.66*** | 5.97*** | 3.98*** | 6.41*** | 7.66*** | 4.77*** | 6.11*** | 3.60*** | 6.29*** | 7.83*** | 4.52*** | 5.54*** | 4.89*** | 6.25*** |
| Gender (female as reference) | 0.38*** | 0.41*** | 0.32* | 0.52*** | 0.55*** | 0.38* | 0.26 | 0.30 | 0.26 | ||||||
| Age | 0.00 | 0.00 | −0.01 | −0.00 | 0.00 | −0.01 | 0.00 | −0.01 | −0.01 | ||||||
| Health | −0.24*** | −0.24*** | −0.19*** | −0.24*** | −0.24*** | −0.19*** | −0.24*** | −0.23*** | −0.18*** | ||||||
| Experience | 0.06** | 0.05* | 0.05* | 0.07** | 0.05* | 0.05* | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.04 | ||||||
| Emotional instability | 0.26*** | 0.22*** | 0.17*** | 0.24*** | 0.21*** | 0.15*** | 0.28*** | 0.23*** | 0.20*** | ||||||
| Self-efficacy | −0.44*** | −0.30*** | −0.14*** | −0.42*** | −0.28*** | −0.11* | −0.48*** | −0.33*** | −0.18** | ||||||
| Trust in co-workers | −0.30*** | −0.06 | −0.11** | −0.29*** | −0.11* | −0.17*** | −0.30*** | 0.02 | −0.01 | ||||||
| Emotional containing | 0.21*** | 0.17*** | 0.10*** | 0.22*** | 0.17*** | 0.09*** | 0.20*** | 0.17*** | 0.12*** | ||||||
| Co-worker dynamics | 0.14*** | 0.07** | 0.00 | 0.09* | 0.03 | −0.05 | 0.22*** | 0.15*** | 0.07 | ||||||
| Mentoring co-workers | −0.02 | 0.01 | −0.02 | −0.02 | 0.01 | −0.03 | −0.03 | 0.01 | 0.00 | ||||||
| Co-workers 1–20 | 0.03 | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.30 | 0.41 | −0.04 | −0.07 | −0.12 | ||||||
| Co-workers 21- | 0.04 | 0.09 | −0.09 | 0.02 | 0.30 | 0.29 | −0.02 | −0.07 | −0.21 | ||||||
| Compulsory school (preschool as reference) | 0.19 | 0.14 | 0.10 | 0.16 | 0.01 | 0.03 | |||||||||
| High school (preschool as reference) | 0.32* | 0.35* | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.29 | 0.43 | |||||||||
| Adult education (preschool as reference) | 0.34 | 0.38 | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.42 | 0.43 | |||||||||
| Organizer (private as reference) | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 | −0.04 | 0.03 | |||||||||
| Salary satisfaction | −0.08*** | −0.06** | −0.08*** | −0.07* | −0.09* | −0.04 | |||||||||
| Resource deficit | 0.07*** | 0.07*** | 0.09*** | 0.06* | 0.06* | 0.08* | |||||||||
| Organizational role demands | 0.32*** | 0.17*** | 0.33*** | 0.21*** | 0.30*** | 0.11* | |||||||||
| Support from superior | −0.25*** | −0.19*** | −0.22*** | −0.17*** | −0.31*** | −0.23*** | |||||||||
| Adjusted | 0.28 | 0.20 | 0.34 | 0.33 | 0.44 | 0.25 | 0.18 | 0.32 | 0.34 | 0.43 | 0.32 | 0.23 | 0.36 | 0.33 | 0.45 |
| 0.28 | 0.20 | 0.34 | 0.33 | 0.45 | 0.26 | 0.18 | 0.33 | 0.34 | 0.44 | 0.32 | 0.23 | 0.38 | 0.34 | 0.47 | |
Source(s): Author’s own work
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