Table 1

The elaboration of “summary of the main characteristics of the four differentiated KB” (Krupskaya and Pina, 2022)

Summary of KBAnalyticalSyntheticSymbolicCompliance
Purpose of knowledge creation/source of initiationNeed of objective analysisNeed of practical solutionNeed of distinctivenessNeed of compliance
Knowledge inputsCodified knowledge Scientific methodsExperience
Learning by doing
Inductive and divergent thinking; Development of sociocultural meaningsInterpretation and compliance with laws, regulations
Client’ interactionsRarely involvedStrong client interactionsClient approvalClient initiation and approval
Type of knowledge createdDocumented reportsPractical solutionsCreative symbols or formsDocumented and/or verbal advice
Source: Author’s own creation

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