Table 1 Constructs and dimensions... | Emerald Publishing

Table 1

Constructs and dimensions

Constructs	Dimensions	Operational definitions	References
Organisational culture (OC)	Development culture	A firm’s culture focuses on innovation, growth, and dynamism	Braunscheidel et al. (2010), Pinho et al. (2014), Cao et al. (2015), Gambi et al. (2015), Porter (2019), Rizzi et al. (2022), Taha et al. (2022)
Organisational culture (OC)	Group culture	A firm’s culture emphasises tradition, teamwork, loyalty, common goals, commitment, and participation among its members	Braunscheidel et al. (2010), Pinho et al. (2014), Cao et al. (2015), Schilke and Cook (2015), Lee et al. (2016), Porter (2019), Taha et al. (2022)
Supply chain collaboration (SCC)	Internal collaboration	A firm’s ability to reduce functional silos, establish cross-functional teams, share information and knowledge across departmental boundaries	Alfalla-Luque et al. (2015), Thai and Jie (2018), Birasnav and Bienstock (2019), Porter (2019), Shukor et al. (2021), Taha et al. (2022), Hendijani and Norouzi (2023)
	Supplier collaboration	The collaboration and sharing of operational, financial, and strategic knowledge between a buying firm and its suppliers	Ralston et al. (2015), Shou et al. (2018), Thai and Jie (2018), Birasnav and Bienstock (2019), Porter (2019), Um and Kim (2019), Alzoubi et al. (2020), Shukor et al. (2021), Taha et al. (2022)
	Customer collaboration	The collaboration and sharing of operational, financial, and strategic knowledge between a buying firm and its customers	Ralston et al. (2015), Shou et al. (2018), Thai and Jie (2018), Birasnav and Bienstock (2019), Porter (2019), Um and Kim (2019), Shukor et al. (2021), Taha et al. (2022), Zhou et al. (2023)
Competitive advantage (CA)	Cost	A firm offer lower costs than its competitors	Porter (1985), Jitpaiboon et al. (2013), Zhang and Huo (2013), Wong et al. (2015), Kumar (2018), Al-Doori (2019), Porter (2019), Um and Kim (2019), Alzoubi et al. (2020), Buranasiri et al. (2024)
Competitive advantage (CA)	Differentiation	The firm’s products or services are superior to those of its competitors	Danese et al. (2013), Wiengarten et al. (2014), Kim and Chai (2016), Kumar (2018), Thai and Jie (2018), Al-Doori (2019), Um and Kim (2019), Hendijani and Norouzi (2023), Buranasiri et al. (2024)

Constructs	Dimensions	Operational definitions	References
Organisational culture (OC)	Development culture	A firm’s culture focuses on innovation, growth, and dynamism	Braunscheidel et al. (2010), Pinho et al. (2014), Cao et al. (2015), Gambi et al. (2015), Porter (2019), Rizzi et al. (2022), Taha et al. (2022)
Organisational culture (OC)	Group culture	A firm’s culture emphasises tradition, teamwork, loyalty, common goals, commitment, and participation among its members	Braunscheidel et al. (2010), Pinho et al. (2014), Cao et al. (2015), Schilke and Cook (2015), Lee et al. (2016), Porter (2019), Taha et al. (2022)
Supply chain collaboration (SCC)	Internal collaboration	A firm’s ability to reduce functional silos, establish cross-functional teams, share information and knowledge across departmental boundaries	Alfalla-Luque et al. (2015), Thai and Jie (2018), Birasnav and Bienstock (2019), Porter (2019), Shukor et al. (2021), Taha et al. (2022), Hendijani and Norouzi (2023)
	Supplier collaboration	The collaboration and sharing of operational, financial, and strategic knowledge between a buying firm and its suppliers	Ralston et al. (2015), Shou et al. (2018), Thai and Jie (2018), Birasnav and Bienstock (2019), Porter (2019), Um and Kim (2019), Alzoubi et al. (2020), Shukor et al. (2021), Taha et al. (2022)
	Customer collaboration	The collaboration and sharing of operational, financial, and strategic knowledge between a buying firm and its customers	Ralston et al. (2015), Shou et al. (2018), Thai and Jie (2018), Birasnav and Bienstock (2019), Porter (2019), Um and Kim (2019), Shukor et al. (2021), Taha et al. (2022), Zhou et al. (2023)
Competitive advantage (CA)	Cost	A firm offer lower costs than its competitors	Porter (1985), Jitpaiboon et al. (2013), Zhang and Huo (2013), Wong et al. (2015), Kumar (2018), Al-Doori (2019), Porter (2019), Um and Kim (2019), Alzoubi et al. (2020), Buranasiri et al. (2024)
Competitive advantage (CA)	Differentiation	The firm’s products or services are superior to those of its competitors	Danese et al. (2013), Wiengarten et al. (2014), Kim and Chai (2016), Kumar (2018), Thai and Jie (2018), Al-Doori (2019), Um and Kim (2019), Hendijani and Norouzi (2023), Buranasiri et al. (2024)

Source(s): Authors’ synthesis from the literature