Frugal innovation as a relative construct in current literature
| Paper | Quotation* |
|---|---|
| Zeschky et al. (2011) | “The term frugal innovation, defined as responding to severe resource constraints with products having extreme cost advantages compared to existing solutions.” (p. 39) |
| Rao (2013) | “The no frills nature of frugal products makes them ‘lean’ when compared to their ‘ordinary’ counterparts, which were pricier and designed by following standard design procedures” (p. 66) |
| Rao (2013) | “The end result is a product comprising bare minimum of components, which functions at par with, or even better than, the traditional counterpart.” (p. 70) |
| Weyrauch and Herstatt (2016) | “Frugal innovation is characterized by a much lower price or significantly lower costs compared to conventional products and services” (p. 7) |
| Weyrauch and Herstatt (2016) | “Frugal innovations must meet the performance level that is needed for its de facto purpose and the local conditions, compared to current solutions available in the market” (p. 9) |
| Knizkov and Arlinghaus (2021) | “Frugal processes, as portrayed in literature, are… simplified in comparison with their nonfrugal counterparts” (p. 681) |
| Hossain (2021) | [FI can] “be defined as a resource-scarce solution, developed under resource and other limitations, for producing affordable, acceptable goods to serve customers who cannot afford conventional equivalents” (p. 1) |
| D’Angelo and Magnusson (2021) | “General Electric (GE) portable diagnostic ultrasound machine…differs from its ‘traditional’ counterpart for its ease of use (due to a simplified user interface), lower price (80% lower than conventional prices), portability, and battery endurance” (p. 653) |
| Hossain et al. (2022) | “FIs are solutions that have been developed under various resource constraints, and they are often significantly cheaper than conventional equivalents” (p. 522) |
| Hossain et al. (2022) | “[Frugal innovators] mobilize what limited abilities and resources they have at hand to overcome obstacles and arrive at alternative solutions to fill a gap where the existing products and services are either unavailable or inadequate” (p. 533) |
| Paper | Quotation* |
|---|---|
| “The term frugal innovation, defined as responding to severe resource constraints with products having extreme cost advantages compared to existing solutions.” (p. 39) | |
| “The no frills nature of frugal products makes them ‘lean’ when compared to their ‘ordinary’ counterparts, which were pricier and designed by following standard design procedures” (p. 66) | |
| “The end result is a product comprising bare minimum of components, which functions at par with, or even better than, the traditional counterpart.” (p. 70) | |
| “Frugal innovation is characterized by a much lower price or significantly lower costs compared to conventional products and services” (p. 7) | |
| “Frugal innovations must meet the performance level that is needed for its de facto purpose and the local conditions, compared to current solutions available in the market” (p. 9) | |
| “Frugal processes, as portrayed in literature, are… simplified in comparison with their nonfrugal counterparts” (p. 681) | |
| [FI can] “be defined as a resource-scarce solution, developed under resource and other limitations, for producing affordable, acceptable goods to serve customers who cannot afford conventional equivalents” (p. 1) | |
| “General Electric (GE) portable diagnostic ultrasound machine…differs from its ‘traditional’ counterpart for its ease of use (due to a simplified user interface), lower price (80% lower than conventional prices), portability, and battery endurance” (p. 653) | |
| “FIs are solutions that have been developed under various resource constraints, and they are often significantly cheaper than conventional equivalents” (p. 522) | |
| “[Frugal innovators] mobilize what limited abilities and resources they have at hand to overcome obstacles and arrive at alternative solutions to fill a gap where the existing products and services are either unavailable or inadequate” (p. 533) |
Note(s): *If shown, then in-quote quotation marks were present in the original
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