Table 3 Potential enablers of CE...

Table 3

Potential enablers of CE implementation in CDWM

Category	Enablers	Reference
Regulatory and policy	Incentives for sustainable practices adaptation and utilization of recycled materials	Ma et al. (2023), Zaman et al. (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Shooshtarian et al. (2023), Kurniawan et al. (2022), Salmenperä et al. (2021), Huang et al. (2021), Flynn et al. (2019), Oyedele et al. (2014)
	Clear regulations, guidelines, and standards promoting reuse, recycling and reduce strategy	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Czekała et al. (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Ma et al. (2023), Shooshtarian et al. (2023), Flynn et al. (2019), Oyedele et al. (2014)
	Effective and mandatory waste management plan for C&D projects	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Ma et al. (2023), Huang et al. (2021), Hao et al. (2020), Nuβholz et al. (2019)
Economic or Financial	Financial support and required resources for recycling technologies and facilities	Ma et al. (2023), Zaman et al. (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Jiang et al. (2022), Yu et al. (2021), Ma et al. (2020), Pan et al. (2020)
	Huge penalties for non-compliance with CDW management regulations	Liu et al. (2021), Gherman et al. (2023), Huang et al. (2021), Ma et al. (2020), Pan et al. (2020), Ghisellini et al. (2018), Oyedele et al. (2014)
	Tax rebate for organizations implementing circular practices	Liu et al. (2021), Ma et al. (2023), Zaman et al. (2023), Ma et al. (2020), Oyedele et al. (2014)
Technology and Innovation	Adoption of advanced technologies for sorting and recycling	Czekała et al. (2023), Ma et al. (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Jiang et al. (2022), Yu et al. (2021), Ma et al. (2020), Pan et al. (2020)
	Development for novel material that can be easily reused and recycled	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Ma et al. (2023), Kurniawan et al. (2022), Sharma et al. (2021)
	Digital platform for tracking, tracing wastes and materials	Ma et al. (2023), Ma et al. (2022), Shooshtarian et al. (2022a, b), Charef and Emmitt (2021), Joensuu et al. (2020)
Organizational, Stakeholder Collaboration and Engagement	Top management commitment and support towards CE implementation	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Gherman et al. (2023), Zaman et al. (2023), Ghisellini et al. (2018)
	Availability of storage for circular materials and components	Gherman et al. (2023), Zaman et al. (2023), Ghisellini et al. (2018)
	Collaboration between industry, government, and academia	Shooshtarian et al. (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Huang et al. (2021), Oyedele et al. (2014)
	Awareness programs and community engagement	Shooshtarian et al. (2023), Zaman et al. (2023), Huang et al. (2021), Oyedele et al. (2014)
	Collaboration and partnership across the supply chain to optimize use of resources	Liu et al. (2021), Gherman et al. (2023), Huang et al. (2021), Oyedele et al. (2014)
Design and Planning	Adopt advanced and modular construction and demolition techniques	Ma et al. (2023), Gálvez-Martos et al. (2018), Mahpour (2018), Esa et al. (2017a, b)
	Use of BIM design technology to plan for material reuse	Ma et al. (2023), Ma et al. (2022), Ganiyu et al. (2020), Charef and Emmitt (2021)
	Design buildings for easy material recovery and disassembly	Ma et al. (2023), Ghaffar et al. (2020), Oyedele et al. (2014)
	Adoption of on-site CDW reuse approach	Ma et al. (2023), Hao et al. (2022), Yeo et al. (2019), Yuan et al. (2013)
Market and Supply Chain	Market development for recycled materials and circular products	Ma et al. (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Shooshtarian et al. (2022a, b), Joensuu et al. (2020)
	Encourage customers and creating demand for recycled material and products	Shooshtarian et al. (2022), Huang et al. (2021), Esa et al. (2017a, b)
	Develop a circular procurement system	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Gherman et al. (2023), Ghisellini et al. (2018)
	Certificate of quality for circular materials and products	Ma et al. (2023), Kurniawan et al. (2022), Sharma et al. (2021), Ghisellini et al. (2018)
Training and Education	Training programs for employees on sustainable CDW management practices	Shooshtarian et al. (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Huang et al. (2021), Oyedele et al. (2014)
Training and Education	Educational campaigns to promote CE adoption benefits in CDW management	Shooshtarian et al. (2023), Zaman et al. (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Ganiyu et al. (2020), Huang et al. (2021), Oyedele et al. (2014)
Data, Information, and Report	Application of data analytics to improve CDW management	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Ma et al. (2022, 2023),
	Use of material tracking system to access CDW waste generation and recycling data	Ma et al. (2023), Ma et al. (2022), Ganiyu et al. (2020), Charef and Emmitt (2021)
	Prepare regular report on CE goals and achievements	Liu et al. (2021), Huang et al. (2021), Oyedele et al. (2014)
Research and Development	Continues research for best practices and guidelines for CDW management	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Shooshtarian et al. (2023), Zaman et al. (2023), Ghisellini et al. (2018)
	Research for circular material, recycling tools and techniques	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Shooshtarian et al. (2023), Kurniawan et al. (2022), Sharma et al. (2021), Peng and Pivato (2019)
	Funding and grants for R&D activities in sustainable construction and management	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Kurniawan et al. (2022), Budihardjo et al. (2022), Yuan et al. (2013)

Category	Enablers	Reference
Regulatory and policy	Incentives for sustainable practices adaptation and utilization of recycled materials	Ma et al. (2023), Zaman et al. (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Shooshtarian et al. (2023), Kurniawan et al. (2022), Salmenperä et al. (2021), Huang et al. (2021), Flynn et al. (2019), Oyedele et al. (2014)
	Clear regulations, guidelines, and standards promoting reuse, recycling and reduce strategy	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Czekała et al. (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Ma et al. (2023), Shooshtarian et al. (2023), Flynn et al. (2019), Oyedele et al. (2014)
	Effective and mandatory waste management plan for C&D projects	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Ma et al. (2023), Huang et al. (2021), Hao et al. (2020), Nuβholz et al. (2019)
Economic or Financial	Financial support and required resources for recycling technologies and facilities	Ma et al. (2023), Zaman et al. (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Jiang et al. (2022), Yu et al. (2021), Ma et al. (2020), Pan et al. (2020)
	Huge penalties for non-compliance with CDW management regulations	Liu et al. (2021), Gherman et al. (2023), Huang et al. (2021), Ma et al. (2020), Pan et al. (2020), Ghisellini et al. (2018), Oyedele et al. (2014)
	Tax rebate for organizations implementing circular practices	Liu et al. (2021), Ma et al. (2023), Zaman et al. (2023), Ma et al. (2020), Oyedele et al. (2014)
Technology and Innovation	Adoption of advanced technologies for sorting and recycling	Czekała et al. (2023), Ma et al. (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Jiang et al. (2022), Yu et al. (2021), Ma et al. (2020), Pan et al. (2020)
	Development for novel material that can be easily reused and recycled	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Ma et al. (2023), Kurniawan et al. (2022), Sharma et al. (2021)
	Digital platform for tracking, tracing wastes and materials	Ma et al. (2023), Ma et al. (2022), Shooshtarian et al. (2022a, b), Charef and Emmitt (2021), Joensuu et al. (2020)
Organizational, Stakeholder Collaboration and Engagement	Top management commitment and support towards CE implementation	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Gherman et al. (2023), Zaman et al. (2023), Ghisellini et al. (2018)
	Availability of storage for circular materials and components	Gherman et al. (2023), Zaman et al. (2023), Ghisellini et al. (2018)
	Collaboration between industry, government, and academia	Shooshtarian et al. (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Huang et al. (2021), Oyedele et al. (2014)
	Awareness programs and community engagement	Shooshtarian et al. (2023), Zaman et al. (2023), Huang et al. (2021), Oyedele et al. (2014)
	Collaboration and partnership across the supply chain to optimize use of resources	Liu et al. (2021), Gherman et al. (2023), Huang et al. (2021), Oyedele et al. (2014)
Design and Planning	Adopt advanced and modular construction and demolition techniques	Ma et al. (2023), Gálvez-Martos et al. (2018), Mahpour (2018), Esa et al. (2017a, b)
	Use of BIM design technology to plan for material reuse	Ma et al. (2023), Ma et al. (2022), Ganiyu et al. (2020), Charef and Emmitt (2021)
	Design buildings for easy material recovery and disassembly	Ma et al. (2023), Ghaffar et al. (2020), Oyedele et al. (2014)
	Adoption of on-site CDW reuse approach	Ma et al. (2023), Hao et al. (2022), Yeo et al. (2019), Yuan et al. (2013)
Market and Supply Chain	Market development for recycled materials and circular products	Ma et al. (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Shooshtarian et al. (2022a, b), Joensuu et al. (2020)
	Encourage customers and creating demand for recycled material and products	Shooshtarian et al. (2022), Huang et al. (2021), Esa et al. (2017a, b)
	Develop a circular procurement system	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Gherman et al. (2023), Ghisellini et al. (2018)
	Certificate of quality for circular materials and products	Ma et al. (2023), Kurniawan et al. (2022), Sharma et al. (2021), Ghisellini et al. (2018)
Training and Education	Training programs for employees on sustainable CDW management practices	Shooshtarian et al. (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Huang et al. (2021), Oyedele et al. (2014)
Training and Education	Educational campaigns to promote CE adoption benefits in CDW management	Shooshtarian et al. (2023), Zaman et al. (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Ganiyu et al. (2020), Huang et al. (2021), Oyedele et al. (2014)
Data, Information, and Report	Application of data analytics to improve CDW management	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Ma et al. (2022, 2023),
	Use of material tracking system to access CDW waste generation and recycling data	Ma et al. (2023), Ma et al. (2022), Ganiyu et al. (2020), Charef and Emmitt (2021)
	Prepare regular report on CE goals and achievements	Liu et al. (2021), Huang et al. (2021), Oyedele et al. (2014)
Research and Development	Continues research for best practices and guidelines for CDW management	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Shooshtarian et al. (2023), Zaman et al. (2023), Ghisellini et al. (2018)
	Research for circular material, recycling tools and techniques	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Shooshtarian et al. (2023), Kurniawan et al. (2022), Sharma et al. (2021), Peng and Pivato (2019)
	Funding and grants for R&D activities in sustainable construction and management	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Kurniawan et al. (2022), Budihardjo et al. (2022), Yuan et al. (2013)

Source(s): Table created by authors

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