Table 4 Tools and techniques of CE for...

Table 4

Tools and techniques of CE for CDWM

Tools and techniques	Application	Reference
Building Information Modeling (BIM)	Quantifies construction and demolition waste (CDW) materials during the design phase for CDW management	Illankoon and Vithanage (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Ismail (2023), Yang et al. (2022), Spišáková et al. (2022), Rašković et al. (2020), Kovacic et al. (2020)
Blockchain Technology	Traces and tracks the availability of CDW/recycled materials and components	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Sharma et al. (2022)
Finite Element Modelling	Extracts information related to reusable elements from databases	Sharma et al. (2022)
Mobile-based Applications	Helps stakeholders monitor, trace, and systematically manage CDW in the construction and demolition sector	Villoria Sáez et al. (2023), Oliveira et al. (2021), Ginga et al. (2020)
Machine Learning Approaches	Estimates CDW generation and quantification	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Lu et al. (2021a, b)
Artificial Intelligence-based Approaches	Distinguishes different types of CDW materials and separates them quickly	Czekała et al. (2023), Rahigude et al. (2022)
Virtual Reality	Provides visual representation of the bill of quantity for materials/components	Illankoon and Vithanage (2023), Rahigude et al. (2022)
Multi-sensor Fusion Methods	Assesses the improvement in CDW classification	Sharma et al. (2022)
Digital Twin	Creates a virtual model identical to the actual building or infrastructure with detailed information	Illankoon and Vithanage (2023), Rahigude et al. (2022)
Vision-based Robotic Systems	Collects and sorts on-site CDW	Sharma et al. (2022), Rahigude et al. (2022)
Material Passports	Captures information about circular materials and products	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Superti et al. (2021), Kovacic et al. (2020)
X-ray Diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy Techniques	Aids in the experimental characterization and analysis of CDW types	Colorado et al. (2022)
Boundary-aware Transformer (BAT) Model	Recognizes the fine-grained composition of CDW mixtures	Dong et al. (2022)
Geographic Information Systems (GIS)	Provides synoptic information about stock material for future construction and demolition activities	Soto-Paz et al. (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Rašković et al. (2020)
Global Positioning System (GPS)	Tracks and monitors the real-time position of CDW carriage vehicles	Rayhan and Bhuiyan (2024)
Big Data Technology	Stores and analyzes complex and incomplete CDW datasets, enhancing effective management	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Rayhan and Bhuiyan (2024), Rahigude et al. (2022)
Image Recognition Technology	Analyzes gross floor area using Google Earth for the demolition and renovation of existing infrastructures	Rayhan and Bhuiyan (2024), Ginga et al. (2020)
Barcode Technology	Identifies and collects various information related to CDW for supply chain and logistics	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Rayhan and Bhuiyan (2024)
Material Flow Analysis (MFA)	Captures information and data of material stocks and flows of buildings to establish demand for each product	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Gherman et al. (2023), Yang et al. (2022), Rašković et al. (2020)
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Tool	Evaluates the environmental impact of products from cradle-to-grave and identifies opportunities to reduce resource consumption	Gherman et al. (2023), Yang et al. (2022), Bonoli et al. (2021), Rahigude et al. (2022)
Timed Petri Net	Analyzes and models traditional transaction processes of CDW	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Wu et al. (2022)
Balanced Scorecard Approach	Attains a high level of circularity in the construction and demolition sector	Torgautov et al. (2022)
Greenhouse Gas Design Optimization and Net Waste Tool	Determines optimal sustainable emissions for the efficient disposal of CDW	Rahigude et al. (2022), Ginga et al. (2020), Xu et al. (2019)
Algorithm-based Analysis Tools	Manages and effectively organizes CDW in the construction and demolition sector	Ismail (2023), Gherman et al. (2023)
3D Printing Technology	To construct infrastructure using recycled aggregates and produce cement mortars suitable for 3D printing technology	Rodrigo et al. (2024), Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024)
Multi-criteria Decision Analysis-based Tools	Aids in making the right decisions through stakeholders' or experts' opinions to manage CDW activities	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Rayhan and Bhuiyan (2024), Kabirifar et al. (2023), Boonkanit and Suthiluck (2023), Parra-Orobio et al. (2023), Mahpour (2018)
Radio-frequency Identification (RFID)	Identifies and tracks construction and demolition materials or products through attached tags	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Copeland and Bilec (2020)

Tools and techniques	Application	Reference
Building Information Modeling (BIM)	Quantifies construction and demolition waste (CDW) materials during the design phase for CDW management	Illankoon and Vithanage (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Ismail (2023), Yang et al. (2022), Spišáková et al. (2022), Rašković et al. (2020), Kovacic et al. (2020)
Blockchain Technology	Traces and tracks the availability of CDW/recycled materials and components	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Sharma et al. (2022)
Finite Element Modelling	Extracts information related to reusable elements from databases	Sharma et al. (2022)
Mobile-based Applications	Helps stakeholders monitor, trace, and systematically manage CDW in the construction and demolition sector	Villoria Sáez et al. (2023), Oliveira et al. (2021), Ginga et al. (2020)
Machine Learning Approaches	Estimates CDW generation and quantification	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Lu et al. (2021a, b)
Artificial Intelligence-based Approaches	Distinguishes different types of CDW materials and separates them quickly	Czekała et al. (2023), Rahigude et al. (2022)
Virtual Reality	Provides visual representation of the bill of quantity for materials/components	Illankoon and Vithanage (2023), Rahigude et al. (2022)
Multi-sensor Fusion Methods	Assesses the improvement in CDW classification	Sharma et al. (2022)
Digital Twin	Creates a virtual model identical to the actual building or infrastructure with detailed information	Illankoon and Vithanage (2023), Rahigude et al. (2022)
Vision-based Robotic Systems	Collects and sorts on-site CDW	Sharma et al. (2022), Rahigude et al. (2022)
Material Passports	Captures information about circular materials and products	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Superti et al. (2021), Kovacic et al. (2020)
X-ray Diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy Techniques	Aids in the experimental characterization and analysis of CDW types	Colorado et al. (2022)
Boundary-aware Transformer (BAT) Model	Recognizes the fine-grained composition of CDW mixtures	Dong et al. (2022)
Geographic Information Systems (GIS)	Provides synoptic information about stock material for future construction and demolition activities	Soto-Paz et al. (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Rašković et al. (2020)
Global Positioning System (GPS)	Tracks and monitors the real-time position of CDW carriage vehicles	Rayhan and Bhuiyan (2024)
Big Data Technology	Stores and analyzes complex and incomplete CDW datasets, enhancing effective management	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Rayhan and Bhuiyan (2024), Rahigude et al. (2022)
Image Recognition Technology	Analyzes gross floor area using Google Earth for the demolition and renovation of existing infrastructures	Rayhan and Bhuiyan (2024), Ginga et al. (2020)
Barcode Technology	Identifies and collects various information related to CDW for supply chain and logistics	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Rayhan and Bhuiyan (2024)
Material Flow Analysis (MFA)	Captures information and data of material stocks and flows of buildings to establish demand for each product	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Gherman et al. (2023), Yang et al. (2022), Rašković et al. (2020)
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Tool	Evaluates the environmental impact of products from cradle-to-grave and identifies opportunities to reduce resource consumption	Gherman et al. (2023), Yang et al. (2022), Bonoli et al. (2021), Rahigude et al. (2022)
Timed Petri Net	Analyzes and models traditional transaction processes of CDW	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Wu et al. (2022)
Balanced Scorecard Approach	Attains a high level of circularity in the construction and demolition sector	Torgautov et al. (2022)
Greenhouse Gas Design Optimization and Net Waste Tool	Determines optimal sustainable emissions for the efficient disposal of CDW	Rahigude et al. (2022), Ginga et al. (2020), Xu et al. (2019)
Algorithm-based Analysis Tools	Manages and effectively organizes CDW in the construction and demolition sector	Ismail (2023), Gherman et al. (2023)
3D Printing Technology	To construct infrastructure using recycled aggregates and produce cement mortars suitable for 3D printing technology	Rodrigo et al. (2024), Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024)
Multi-criteria Decision Analysis-based Tools	Aids in making the right decisions through stakeholders' or experts' opinions to manage CDW activities	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Rayhan and Bhuiyan (2024), Kabirifar et al. (2023), Boonkanit and Suthiluck (2023), Parra-Orobio et al. (2023), Mahpour (2018)
Radio-frequency Identification (RFID)	Identifies and tracks construction and demolition materials or products through attached tags	Swarnakar and Khalfan (2024), Copeland and Bilec (2020)

Source(s): Table created by authors

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