Table 6 CE strategies for CDW management... | Emerald Publishing

Table 6

CE strategies for CDW management

3R principle	CE strategy	Definition	Reference
Reduce	Design Optimization	Adopt design practices to reduce off-cuts and excess materials, such as prefabrication and modular design	Lim et al. (2024), Zaman et al. (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Lee et al. (2023), Ossio et al. (2023), Yang et al. (2022), Sharma et al. (2022), Asante et al. (2022), Torgautov et al. (2022), Salleh et al. (2022), Ruiz et al. (2020)
	Material Efficiency	Use durable materials to reduce the maintenance and replacement frequency	Han et al. (2024), Herrador (2024), Lee et al. (2023), Sharma et al. (2022), Asante et al. (2022), Ogunmakinde et al. (2022), Yang et al. (2022), Huang et al. (2013)
	Building Information Modeling	Apply BIM to manage and plan construction projects, minimizing material wastage and process errors through precise planning	Lim et al. (2024), Zaman et al. (2023), Ossio et al. (2023), Lee et al. (2023), Sharma et al. (2022), Yang et al. (2022), Torgautov et al. (2022)
	Lean Construction Approaches	Adopt lean construction methods to minimize waste generation, reduce non-value-added activities, streamline processes, and reduce excess inventory	Rayhan and Bhuiyan (2024), Lim et al. (2024), Zaman et al. (2023), Lachimpadi et al. (2012)
Reuse	Deconstruction and Salvage	Promote deconstruction instead of demolition to dismantle infrastructure and recover materials and products for reuse	Lee et al. (2023), Victar and Waidyasekara (2023), Zaman et al. (2023), Asante et al. (2022), Sharma et al. (2022), Torgautov et al. (2022), Salleh et al. (2022), Oliveira et al. (2021), Ruiz et al. (2020)
	Adaptive Reuse	Repurpose existing infrastructure for new uses instead of constructing new buildings	Victar and Waidyasekara (2023), Sharma et al. (2022), Asante et al. (2022), Oluleye et al. (2022a, b), Ruiz et al. (2020)
	Design for Disassembly	Design building components and infrastructure to be easily disassembled and reused in a sustainable way	Lee et al. (2023), Victar and Waidyasekara (2023), Asante et al. (2022), Torgautov et al. (2022), Salleh et al. (2022), Ruiz et al. (2020)
	Material Exchange Programs	Establish platforms for selling or exchanging salvaged materials and products	Lim et al. (2024), Lee et al. (2023), Victar and Waidyasekara (2023), Sharma et al. (2022), Zaman et al. (2023), Yang et al. (2022), Torgautov et al. (2022), Lu et al. (2021a, b)
	Storage for material	Develop a plan for the proper storage of circular materials and components	Ramos et al. (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Victar and Waidyasekara (2023), Zaman et al. (2023), Ossio et al. (2023), Asante et al. (2022), Yang et al. (2022), Oliveira et al. (2021), Arif et al. (2012)
Recycle	On-site Recycling Facilities	Set up on-site recycling facilities for sorting and processing construction and demolition waste materials	Lim et al. (2024), Antunes et al. (2024), Ramos et al. (2023a), Zaman et al. (2023), Asante et al. (2022), Torgautov et al. (2022), Sharma et al. (2022), Oluleye et al. (2022a, b), Salleh et al. (2022), Oliveira et al. (2021), Lu et al. (2021a, b), Ruiz et al. (2020), Gangolells et al. (2014)
	Waste Segregation Systems	Implement systems for CDW segregation at the source to improve the efficiency of recycling operations	Lee et al. (2023), Torgautov et al. (2022), Sharma et al. (2022), Salleh et al. (2022), Ruiz et al. (2020), Gangolells et al. (2014)
	Use of Recycled Materials	Promote and use recycled materials, such as reclaimed wood, recycled aggregate, and recycled metal in new projects	Han et al. (2024), Lee et al. (2023), Zaman et al. (2023), Victar and Waidyasekara (2023), Sharma et al. (2022), Asante et al. (2022), Oluleye et al. (2022a, b), Torgautov et al. (2022), Lu et al. (2021a, b)
	Centralized database of circular materials	Develop a centralized database for circular materials available to stakeholders	Sharma et al. (2022), Oluleye et al. (2022a, b), Ogunmakinde et al. (2022), Purchase et al. (2021)
	Partnerships with Recycling Suppliers	Collaborate with recycling manufacturers and suppliers to ensure that CDW is properly processed and reused effectively in new materials or components	Herrador (2024), Gherman et al. (2023), Lee et al. (2023), Victar and Waidyasekara (2023), Sharma et al. (2022), Asante et al. (2022), Yang et al. (2022), Torgautov et al. (2022), Superti et al. (2021), Yean and Song (2013)

3R principle	CE strategy	Definition	Reference
Reduce	Design Optimization	Adopt design practices to reduce off-cuts and excess materials, such as prefabrication and modular design	Lim et al. (2024), Zaman et al. (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Lee et al. (2023), Ossio et al. (2023), Yang et al. (2022), Sharma et al. (2022), Asante et al. (2022), Torgautov et al. (2022), Salleh et al. (2022), Ruiz et al. (2020)
	Material Efficiency	Use durable materials to reduce the maintenance and replacement frequency	Han et al. (2024), Herrador (2024), Lee et al. (2023), Sharma et al. (2022), Asante et al. (2022), Ogunmakinde et al. (2022), Yang et al. (2022), Huang et al. (2013)
	Building Information Modeling	Apply BIM to manage and plan construction projects, minimizing material wastage and process errors through precise planning	Lim et al. (2024), Zaman et al. (2023), Ossio et al. (2023), Lee et al. (2023), Sharma et al. (2022), Yang et al. (2022), Torgautov et al. (2022)
	Lean Construction Approaches	Adopt lean construction methods to minimize waste generation, reduce non-value-added activities, streamline processes, and reduce excess inventory	Rayhan and Bhuiyan (2024), Lim et al. (2024), Zaman et al. (2023), Lachimpadi et al. (2012)
Reuse	Deconstruction and Salvage	Promote deconstruction instead of demolition to dismantle infrastructure and recover materials and products for reuse	Lee et al. (2023), Victar and Waidyasekara (2023), Zaman et al. (2023), Asante et al. (2022), Sharma et al. (2022), Torgautov et al. (2022), Salleh et al. (2022), Oliveira et al. (2021), Ruiz et al. (2020)
	Adaptive Reuse	Repurpose existing infrastructure for new uses instead of constructing new buildings	Victar and Waidyasekara (2023), Sharma et al. (2022), Asante et al. (2022), Oluleye et al. (2022a, b), Ruiz et al. (2020)
	Design for Disassembly	Design building components and infrastructure to be easily disassembled and reused in a sustainable way	Lee et al. (2023), Victar and Waidyasekara (2023), Asante et al. (2022), Torgautov et al. (2022), Salleh et al. (2022), Ruiz et al. (2020)
	Material Exchange Programs	Establish platforms for selling or exchanging salvaged materials and products	Lim et al. (2024), Lee et al. (2023), Victar and Waidyasekara (2023), Sharma et al. (2022), Zaman et al. (2023), Yang et al. (2022), Torgautov et al. (2022), Lu et al. (2021a, b)
	Storage for material	Develop a plan for the proper storage of circular materials and components	Ramos et al. (2023), Gherman et al. (2023), Victar and Waidyasekara (2023), Zaman et al. (2023), Ossio et al. (2023), Asante et al. (2022), Yang et al. (2022), Oliveira et al. (2021), Arif et al. (2012)
Recycle	On-site Recycling Facilities	Set up on-site recycling facilities for sorting and processing construction and demolition waste materials	Lim et al. (2024), Antunes et al. (2024), Ramos et al. (2023a), Zaman et al. (2023), Asante et al. (2022), Torgautov et al. (2022), Sharma et al. (2022), Oluleye et al. (2022a, b), Salleh et al. (2022), Oliveira et al. (2021), Lu et al. (2021a, b), Ruiz et al. (2020), Gangolells et al. (2014)
	Waste Segregation Systems	Implement systems for CDW segregation at the source to improve the efficiency of recycling operations	Lee et al. (2023), Torgautov et al. (2022), Sharma et al. (2022), Salleh et al. (2022), Ruiz et al. (2020), Gangolells et al. (2014)
	Use of Recycled Materials	Promote and use recycled materials, such as reclaimed wood, recycled aggregate, and recycled metal in new projects	Han et al. (2024), Lee et al. (2023), Zaman et al. (2023), Victar and Waidyasekara (2023), Sharma et al. (2022), Asante et al. (2022), Oluleye et al. (2022a, b), Torgautov et al. (2022), Lu et al. (2021a, b)
	Centralized database of circular materials	Develop a centralized database for circular materials available to stakeholders	Sharma et al. (2022), Oluleye et al. (2022a, b), Ogunmakinde et al. (2022), Purchase et al. (2021)
	Partnerships with Recycling Suppliers	Collaborate with recycling manufacturers and suppliers to ensure that CDW is properly processed and reused effectively in new materials or components	Herrador (2024), Gherman et al. (2023), Lee et al. (2023), Victar and Waidyasekara (2023), Sharma et al. (2022), Asante et al. (2022), Yang et al. (2022), Torgautov et al. (2022), Superti et al. (2021), Yean and Song (2013)

Source(s): Table created by authors