Constructs and measurement items
| Constructs | Questionnaire items | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| Relative security and control (RSC) | RSC1) I use cryptocurrency transfers because it is more secure | Abramova and Böhme (2016) |
| RSC2) I can control my money better when I use cryptocurrency transfers | ||
| RSC3) I perceive cryptocurrency transfers safer | ||
| RSC4) I perceive the information relating to users and cryptocurrency transfers as more secure | ||
| Relative perceived value of cryptocurrency (RPV) | RPV1) I use cryptocurrency because it is a more effective hedge against inflation than traditional money | Hsieh et al. (2012) and Mattke et al. (2020) |
| RPV2) I use cryptocurrency because it has more conserve of purchasing power over time than traditional money | ||
| RPV3) I use cryptocurrency because it provides better preservation of wealth than traditional money | ||
| Pricing problem (PP) | PP1) In general, the cost of transferring traditional money through a traditional bank is too high | Chen and Keng (2019) and Jung et al. (2017) |
| PP2) In general, the cost of transferring traditional money through a traditional bank is not reasonable | ||
| PP3) In general, the cost of transferring traditional money through a traditional bank is not fair | ||
| PP4) Overall, the cost of transferring traditional money through a traditional bank is not appropriate | ||
| Low perceived value of traditional money (LPV) | LPV1) I think fiat money does not have the storing value over long periods | Mattke et al. (2020) |
| LPV2) I think fiat money does not enable to conserve of purchasing power over time | ||
| LPV3) I think fiat money does not enable the preservation of wealth | ||
| Switching cost (SC) | SC1) In general, switching to cryptocurrency would be a hassle | Sun et al. (2017) |
| SC2) In general, it would be a trouble to switch to using cryptocurrency as a payment method | ||
| SC3) Generally, it would take a lot of time and effort to switch to cryptocurrency payment transfer | ||
| SC4) Overall, it would take a lot of learning costs towards switching to cryptocurrency payment transfer | ||
| Personal innovativeness in technology (PIT) | PIT1) If I heard about new technology, I would look for ways to experiment with it | Dutta et al. (2015) |
| PIT2) Among my peers, I am usually the first to try out new technologies | ||
| PIT3) I like to experiment with new technologies | ||
| Switching intention (SI) | SI1) Given the opportunity, I have used cryptocurrency | Hsieh et al. (2012) |
| SI2) The likelihood of switching to cryptocurrency was high | ||
| SI3) I was considering using more cryptocurrency transfers and less traditional money wire transfers | ||
| Switching behaviors (SB) | SB1) In terms of frequency of usage, I chose to use cryptocurrency to transfer funds more often in the past 12 months | Hsieh et al. (2012) |
| SB2) Cryptocurrencies have been my first choice of fund transfer in the past 12 months | ||
| SB3) Regarding fund transfers, I have used more cryptocurrency transfers than traditional bank wire transfers in the past 12 months |
| Constructs | Questionnaire items | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| Relative security and control (RSC) | RSC1) I use cryptocurrency transfers because it is more secure | |
| RSC2) I can control my money better when I use cryptocurrency transfers | ||
| RSC3) I perceive cryptocurrency transfers safer | ||
| RSC4) I perceive the information relating to users and cryptocurrency transfers as more secure | ||
| Relative perceived value of cryptocurrency (RPV) | RPV1) I use cryptocurrency because it is a more effective hedge against inflation than traditional money | |
| RPV2) I use cryptocurrency because it has more conserve of purchasing power over time than traditional money | ||
| RPV3) I use cryptocurrency because it provides better preservation of wealth than traditional money | ||
| Pricing problem (PP) | PP1) In general, the cost of transferring traditional money through a traditional bank is too high | |
| PP2) In general, the cost of transferring traditional money through a traditional bank is not reasonable | ||
| PP3) In general, the cost of transferring traditional money through a traditional bank is not fair | ||
| PP4) Overall, the cost of transferring traditional money through a traditional bank is not appropriate | ||
| Low perceived value of traditional money (LPV) | LPV1) I think fiat money does not have the storing value over long periods | |
| LPV2) I think fiat money does not enable to conserve of purchasing power over time | ||
| LPV3) I think fiat money does not enable the preservation of wealth | ||
| Switching cost (SC) | SC1) In general, switching to cryptocurrency would be a hassle | |
| SC2) In general, it would be a trouble to switch to using cryptocurrency as a payment method | ||
| SC3) Generally, it would take a lot of time and effort to switch to cryptocurrency payment transfer | ||
| SC4) Overall, it would take a lot of learning costs towards switching to cryptocurrency payment transfer | ||
| Personal innovativeness in technology (PIT) | PIT1) If I heard about new technology, I would look for ways to experiment with it | |
| PIT2) Among my peers, I am usually the first to try out new technologies | ||
| PIT3) I like to experiment with new technologies | ||
| Switching intention (SI) | SI1) Given the opportunity, I have used cryptocurrency | |
| SI2) The likelihood of switching to cryptocurrency was high | ||
| SI3) I was considering using more cryptocurrency transfers and less traditional money wire transfers | ||
| Switching behaviors (SB) | SB1) In terms of frequency of usage, I chose to use cryptocurrency to transfer funds more often in the past 12 months | |
| SB2) Cryptocurrencies have been my first choice of fund transfer in the past 12 months | ||
| SB3) Regarding fund transfers, I have used more cryptocurrency transfers than traditional bank wire transfers in the past 12 months |
Source(s): Authors’ own work
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