Table 8.

Hypothesis testing

HypothesesDirect effectp-ValueResult
H1a: ALT → ATS0.795<0.001Supported
H1b: INTR→ ATS0.371<0.001Supported
H1c: EXT → ATS 0.762Not supported
H2a: INTR → PED0.2280.011Supported
H2b: EXT → PED−0.1370.042Not Supported
H2c: SEC→ PED0.754< 0.001Not supported
H3a: INTR→ PEF 0.282Not supported
H3b: SEC→ PEF−0.1680.004Supported
H3c: GSE→ PEF0.731<0.001Supported
H4a: ATS → SEI0.376<0.001Supported
H4b: PED → SEI 0.689Not supported
H4c: PEF → SEI0.0930.003Supported
Source: Authors’ own work

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