Table 2 Descriptive statistics for the... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2

Descriptive statistics for the research variables

Variable symbol	Variable name	Mean	Median	Standard deviation	Skewness	Kurtosis	Min	Max
CFO	Operating cash flow	0.198	0.077	1.337	14.779	234.161	−2.140	22.700
COMPACC	comparability	−0.376	−0.375	0.005	−1.741	9.153	−0.400	−0.353
LEV	Financial leverage	0.552	0.546	0.234	0.827	7.212	0.000	2.364
MTB	Market-book value	4.443	2.690	6.475	3.694	24.986	−23.400	65.200
NI	Net income	0.137	0.074	0.564	8.674	83.144	−1.650	5.660
ROA	Return on assets	0.125	0.099	0.153	0.541	4.594	−0.581	0.902
SALE	Sales growth	0.615	0.258	1.898	6.624	61.145	−1.000	25.549
SIZE	Firm size	14.724	14.551	1.628	0.612	3.999	8.915	20.821

Variable symbol	Variable name	Mean	Median	Standard deviation	Skewness	Kurtosis	Min	Max
CFO	Operating cash flow	0.198	0.077	1.337	14.779	234.161	−2.140	22.700
COMPACC	comparability	−0.376	−0.375	0.005	−1.741	9.153	−0.400	−0.353
LEV	Financial leverage	0.552	0.546	0.234	0.827	7.212	0.000	2.364
MTB	Market-book value	4.443	2.690	6.475	3.694	24.986	−23.400	65.200
NI	Net income	0.137	0.074	0.564	8.674	83.144	−1.650	5.660
ROA	Return on assets	0.125	0.099	0.153	0.541	4.594	−0.581	0.902
SALE	Sales growth	0.615	0.258	1.898	6.624	61.145	−1.000	25.549
SIZE	Firm size	14.724	14.551	1.628	0.612	3.999	8.915	20.821

Source(s): Created by authors