Regression results using domestic credit as a threshold variable [DV: CPI]
| (1a) | (2a) | (3a) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Venezuela | Congo | Angola | |||||||
| OLS without threshold | Regime 1 DC < 17.42 | Regime 2 DC > 17.42 | OLS without threshold | Regime1 DC < 4.59 | Regime 2 DC > 4.59 | OLS without threshold | Regime 1 DC < 11.30 | Regime 2 DC > 11.30 | |
| Constant | 3.18* (1.15) | 2.24 (1.50) | 3.28* (1.56) | 3.90* (2.18) | 2.36* (2.27) | −4.56 (2.29) | 6.10* (1.90) | 2.77* (1.23) | 6.79* (2.90) |
| GDP | 0.12* (0.06) | 0.12* (0.06) | 0.16** (0.07) | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.25* (0.11) | 0.39* (0.15) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.04* (0.01) |
| DC | 0.08* (0.04) | 0.10* (0.05) | 0.16* (0.02) | 0.15* (0.07) | 0.25* (0.12) | 0.31* (0.14) | 0.04* (0.02) | 0.04* (0.02) | 0.12* (0.04) |
| INT | −0.02* (0.01) | −0.02* (0.01) | −0.03* (0.02) | −0.04* (0.02) | −0.19* (0.07) | −0.05 (0.02) | −0.03* (0.01) | −0.16* (0.04) | −0.17* (0.07) |
| TR | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.05* (0.02) | 0.05* (0.01) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.08* (0.04) | 0.25* (0.12) | 0.05* (0.02) | 0.03* (0.02) | 0.07* (0.02) |
| R-sq | 0.54 | 0.51 | 0.65 | 0.71 | 0.62 | 0.83 | 0.76 | 0.85 | 0.92 |
| Heteroskedasticity test (p-value) | 0.69 | – | – | 0.68 | – | – | 0.86 | – | – |
| No. observation | 28 | 15 | 13 | 28 | 11 | 17 | 28 | 6 | 22 |
| (1a) | (2a) | (3a) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Venezuela | Congo | Angola | |||||||
| OLS without threshold | Regime 1 | Regime 2 | OLS without threshold | Regime1 | Regime 2 | OLS without threshold | Regime 1 | Regime 2 | |
| Constant | 3.18* (1.15) | 2.24 (1.50) | 3.28* (1.56) | 3.90* (2.18) | 2.36* (2.27) | −4.56 (2.29) | 6.10* (1.90) | 2.77* (1.23) | 6.79* (2.90) |
| 0.12* (0.06) | 0.12* (0.06) | 0.16** (0.07) | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.25* (0.11) | 0.39* (0.15) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.04* (0.01) | |
| 0.08* (0.04) | 0.10* (0.05) | 0.16* (0.02) | 0.15* (0.07) | 0.25* (0.12) | 0.31* (0.14) | 0.04* (0.02) | 0.04* (0.02) | 0.12* (0.04) | |
| −0.02* (0.01) | −0.02* (0.01) | −0.03* (0.02) | −0.04* (0.02) | −0.19* (0.07) | −0.05 (0.02) | −0.03* (0.01) | −0.16* (0.04) | −0.17* (0.07) | |
| 0.03* (0.01) | 0.05* (0.02) | 0.05* (0.01) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.08* (0.04) | 0.25* (0.12) | 0.05* (0.02) | 0.03* (0.02) | 0.07* (0.02) | |
| R-sq | 0.54 | 0.51 | 0.65 | 0.71 | 0.62 | 0.83 | 0.76 | 0.85 | 0.92 |
| Heteroskedasticity test ( | 0.69 | – | – | 0.68 | – | – | 0.86 | – | – |
| No. observation | 28 | 15 | 13 | 28 | 11 | 17 | 28 | 6 | 22 |
| (4a) | (5a) | (6a) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Egypt | Argentina | Mozambique | |||||||
| OLS without threshold | Regime1 DC < 2.29 | Regime 2 DC > 2.29 | OLS without threshold | Regime 1 DC < 11.72 | Regime 2 DC > 11.72 | OLS without threshold | Regime 1 DC < 19.58 | Regime 2 DC > 19.58 | |
| Constant | 0.89* (0.36) | 0.50 (0.26) | 2.70* (1.25) | 2.83* (1.52) | 1.80* (0.90) | 2.33* (1.20) | 1.89* (0.90) | 2.10* (0.85) | 3.25 (1.5) |
| GDP | 0.08* (0.03) | 0.04* (0.02) | 0.06* (0.03) | 0.06* (0.03) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.04* (0.02) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.04* (0.02) |
| DC | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.08* (0.03) | 0.14* (0.05) | 0.09* (0.03) | 0.22* (0.08) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.05* (0.02) | 0.06* (0.03) |
| INT | −0.02* (0.01) | −0.03* (0.01) | −0.06* (0.02) | −0.02* (0.01) | −0.02* (0.01) | −0.12* (0.04) | −0.03* (0.01) | −0.11* (0.04) | −0.14* (0.06) |
| TR | −0.03* (0.01) | −0.03* (0.01) | −0.05* (0.02) | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.06* (0.02) | 0.09* (0.04) | −0.04* (0.02) | 0.07* (0.03) | −0.09* (0.03) |
| R-sq | 0.62 | 0.85 | 0.78 | 0.81 | 0.72 | 0.92 | 0.68 | 0.79 | 0.83 |
| Heteroskedasticity test (p-value) | 0.52 | – | – | 0.63 | – | – | 0.79 | – | – |
| No. observation | 28 | 20 | 78 | 28 | 17 | 11 | 28 | 10 | 18 |
| (4a) | (5a) | (6a) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Egypt | Argentina | Mozambique | |||||||
| OLS without threshold | Regime1 | Regime 2 | OLS without threshold | Regime 1 | Regime 2 | OLS without threshold | Regime 1 | Regime 2 | |
| Constant | 0.89* (0.36) | 0.50 (0.26) | 2.70* (1.25) | 2.83* (1.52) | 1.80* (0.90) | 2.33* (1.20) | 1.89* (0.90) | 2.10* (0.85) | 3.25 (1.5) |
| 0.08* (0.03) | 0.04* (0.02) | 0.06* (0.03) | 0.06* (0.03) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.04* (0.02) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.04* (0.02) | |
| 0.03* (0.01) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.08* (0.03) | 0.14* (0.05) | 0.09* (0.03) | 0.22* (0.08) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.05* (0.02) | 0.06* (0.03) | |
| −0.02* (0.01) | −0.03* (0.01) | −0.06* (0.02) | −0.02* (0.01) | −0.02* (0.01) | −0.12* (0.04) | −0.03* (0.01) | −0.11* (0.04) | −0.14* (0.06) | |
| −0.03* (0.01) | −0.03* (0.01) | −0.05* (0.02) | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.06* (0.02) | 0.09* (0.04) | −0.04* (0.02) | 0.07* (0.03) | −0.09* (0.03) | |
| R-sq | 0.62 | 0.85 | 0.78 | 0.81 | 0.72 | 0.92 | 0.68 | 0.79 | 0.83 |
| Heteroskedasticity test ( | 0.52 | – | – | 0.63 | – | – | 0.79 | – | – |
| No. observation | 28 | 20 | 78 | 28 | 17 | 11 | 28 | 10 | 18 |
| (7a) | (8a) | (9a) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nigeria | Yemen | Azerbaijan | |||||||
| OLS without threshold | Regime1 DC < 15.47 | Regime2 DC > 15.47 | OLS without threshold | Regime1 DC < 7.55 | Regime2 DC > 7.55 | OLS without threshold | Regime1 DC < 6.57 | Regime2 DC > 6.57 | |
| Constant | 6.12* (3.20) | 5.32* (2.30) | 4.23* (1.52) | 5.30 (2.40) | −2.09* (1.10) | 2.16 (1.11) | 2.32 (1.20) | 2.03 (0.90) | 2.19* (1.03) |
| GDP | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.06* (0.02) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.08* (0.04) | 0.10* (0.03) |
| DC | 0.06* (0.02) | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.08* (0.02) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.06* (0.02) | 0.14* (0.06) | 0.06* (0.02) | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.06* (0.02) |
| INT | −0.03* (0.01) | −0.04* (0.02) | −0.06* (0.03) | −0.14* (0.06) | −0.08* (0.04) | −0.10* (0.04) | −0.03* (0.01) | −0.09* (0.03) | −0.11* (0.04) |
| TR | 0.04* (0.02) | 0.11* (0.05) | 0.19* (0.09) | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.03* (0.01) |
| R-sq | 0.64 | 0.92 | 0.87 | 0.78 | 0.80 | 0.56 | 0.82 | 0.68 | 0.61 |
| Heteroskedasticity test (p-value) | 0.73 | – | – | 0.63 | – | – | 0.63 | – | – |
| No. observation | 28 | 16 | 12 | 28 | 20 | 18 | 28 | 9 | 19 |
| (7a) | (8a) | (9a) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nigeria | Yemen | Azerbaijan | |||||||
| OLS without threshold | Regime1 | Regime2 | OLS without threshold | Regime1 | Regime2 | OLS without threshold | Regime1 | Regime2 | |
| Constant | 6.12* (3.20) | 5.32* (2.30) | 4.23* (1.52) | 5.30 (2.40) | −2.09* (1.10) | 2.16 (1.11) | 2.32 (1.20) | 2.03 (0.90) | 2.19* (1.03) |
| 0.02* (0.01) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.06* (0.02) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.08* (0.04) | 0.10* (0.03) | |
| 0.06* (0.02) | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.08* (0.02) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.06* (0.02) | 0.14* (0.06) | 0.06* (0.02) | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.06* (0.02) | |
| −0.03* (0.01) | −0.04* (0.02) | −0.06* (0.03) | −0.14* (0.06) | −0.08* (0.04) | −0.10* (0.04) | −0.03* (0.01) | −0.09* (0.03) | −0.11* (0.04) | |
| 0.04* (0.02) | 0.11* (0.05) | 0.19* (0.09) | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.03* (0.01) | |
| R-sq | 0.64 | 0.92 | 0.87 | 0.78 | 0.80 | 0.56 | 0.82 | 0.68 | 0.61 |
| Heteroskedasticity test ( | 0.73 | – | – | 0.63 | – | – | 0.63 | – | – |
| No. observation | 28 | 16 | 12 | 28 | 20 | 18 | 28 | 9 | 19 |
| (10a) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Ghana | |||
| OLS without threshold | Regime1 DC < 12.13 | Regime 2 DC > 12.13 | |
| Constant | 1.29 (1.14) | −3.20* (1.60) | 2.91* (1.25) |
| GDP | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.06* (0.02) | 0.11* (0.03) |
| DC | 0.05* (0.02) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.04* (0.02) |
| INT | −0.04* (0.02) | −0.08* (0.03) | −0.06* (0.03) |
| TR | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.02* (0.01) |
| R-sq | 0.72 | 0.74 | 0.65 |
| Heteroskedasticity test (p-value) | 0.56 | – | – |
| No. observation | 28 | 11 | 17 |
| (10a) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Ghana | |||
| OLS without threshold | Regime1 | Regime 2 | |
| Constant | 1.29 (1.14) | −3.20* (1.60) | 2.91* (1.25) |
| 0.02* (0.01) | 0.06* (0.02) | 0.11* (0.03) | |
| 0.05* (0.02) | 0.02* (0.01) | 0.04* (0.02) | |
| −0.04* (0.02) | −0.08* (0.03) | −0.06* (0.03) | |
| 0.03* (0.01) | 0.03* (0.01) | 0.02* (0.01) | |
| R-sq | 0.72 | 0.74 | 0.65 |
| Heteroskedasticity test ( | 0.56 | – | – |
| No. observation | 28 | 11 | 17 |
Note(s): The standard errors are reported in parentheses (white corrected for heteroskedaticity). The results correspond to the trimming percentage of 15%. Asterisks * denote significance of at least a 10% critical value