Table 2. The need for flood inundation... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2.

The need for flood inundation modelling research in the UK

Environmental Agency strategy section No.	Function	Requirements from inundation modelling	Research needs
2.2	Regulation
	– vulnerability of proposed developments – impact of proposed development on other areas – effectiveness of mitigation measures	– predicted flood extent – reduction in attenuation from loss of floodplain storage volume – predicting effect of mitigation measures including embankments, walls and flood storage areas	– improved inundation prediction for urban areas
2.3	Flood warning
	– real-time forecasting of river levels – off-line modelling to inform preparation of flood response plans	– flood extents – safe evacuation routes (depth and velocity prediction) – control of flood extents through human intervention	– robust and rapid (< 20 minutes) flood inundation prediction coupled to uncertainty analysis – simulation of floodplain flooding and drying at a level of detail sufficient to assess usability of access and evacuation routes
2.4	Strategic planning
	– national, catchment and subcatchment scale assessment of flood risk – flood mapping – compliance with WFD	– flood depths/extents for economic analysis – flood extents suitable for ‘flood maps' – flood hazard maps (velocity and depth, ‘speed’ of inundation) – flood extent and frequency over long periods	– verification of existing methods for catchment and sub-catchment modelling – for ‘probabilistic analysis’ the need is for robust and very rapid method (< 1 minute) – flood depths within buildings – methods for simulation of long time periods (decades)
2.5	Flood defence operations
	– criticality of trash screens and the operation of sluices and pumping stations	– flood extent and depth predictions that include influence of critical elements in operations	– enhanced detail of inundation prediction for urban areas – uncertainty analysis methods
2.6	Flood defence improvements
	– economic appraisal of scheme – developing the design – understanding residual risk	– flood extent and depth predictions that are sensitive to small-scale interventions	– improved inundation methods for urban areas – uncertainty analysis methods
	Cross-cutting		– framework for data transfer – improved DEM data (both for model building and for extent mapping) – improved roughness (value and spatial distribution) data – improved calibration/validation data – guidance on selection of appropriate modelling techniques and grid/time steps

Environmental Agency strategy section No.	Function	Requirements from inundation modelling	Research needs
2.2	Regulation
	– vulnerability of proposed developments – impact of proposed development on other areas – effectiveness of mitigation measures	– predicted flood extent – reduction in attenuation from loss of floodplain storage volume – predicting effect of mitigation measures including embankments, walls and flood storage areas	– improved inundation prediction for urban areas
2.3	Flood warning
	– real-time forecasting of river levels – off-line modelling to inform preparation of flood response plans	– flood extents – safe evacuation routes (depth and velocity prediction) – control of flood extents through human intervention	– robust and rapid (< 20 minutes) flood inundation prediction coupled to uncertainty analysis – simulation of floodplain flooding and drying at a level of detail sufficient to assess usability of access and evacuation routes
2.4	Strategic planning
	– national, catchment and subcatchment scale assessment of flood risk – flood mapping – compliance with WFD	– flood depths/extents for economic analysis – flood extents suitable for ‘flood maps' – flood hazard maps (velocity and depth, ‘speed’ of inundation) – flood extent and frequency over long periods	– verification of existing methods for catchment and sub-catchment modelling – for ‘probabilistic analysis’ the need is for robust and very rapid method (< 1 minute) – flood depths within buildings – methods for simulation of long time periods (decades)
2.5	Flood defence operations
	– criticality of trash screens and the operation of sluices and pumping stations	– flood extent and depth predictions that include influence of critical elements in operations	– enhanced detail of inundation prediction for urban areas – uncertainty analysis methods
2.6	Flood defence improvements
	– economic appraisal of scheme – developing the design – understanding residual risk	– flood extent and depth predictions that are sensitive to small-scale interventions	– improved inundation methods for urban areas – uncertainty analysis methods
	Cross-cutting		– framework for data transfer – improved DEM data (both for model building and for extent mapping) – improved roughness (value and spatial distribution) data – improved calibration/validation data – guidance on selection of appropriate modelling techniques and grid/time steps