Table III. Key knowledge needs and... | Emerald Publishing

Table III.

Key knowledge needs and priorities

Prioritized main topics	Knowledge needs
Renewable energy	Cost-effectiveness of support schemes for renewable energy Costs development of renewable energy technologies Harmonisation of support schemes for renewables within and across EU member states Smart grids
Emissions trading	Further harmonisation of emissions trading scheme implementation across the EU Price stabilisation mechanisms, backloading, changes to the linear reduction factor Potential for and impacts of links to other emissions trading schemes around the world
EU climate policy	Interaction of different climate policy instruments and different targets Cost-effectiveness of targets Carbon-pricing instruments (ETS, taxation) Actions in other parts of the world, compared to the European Union
Financing	Incremental additional investment required in specific sectors Mobilisation of private financial flows Innovative finance schemes in an international context
International climate negotiations	Climate finance generating mechanisms, innovative climate finance schemes Types and timescales of climate change mitigation targets Vertical integration between decision-making levels
Agriculture and forestry	Sustainability criteria for biomass Indirect land use and LULUCF accounting Carbon sequestration Fertiliser, manure and livestock management
Energy policy	Electricity market design Energy price developments in different world regions, and its impacts
Industry	Competitiveness: carbon leakage impacts and related exemptions Sectoral innovation scope, reduction potential and costs
Energy efficiency	Effectiveness of existing energy efficiency policy Possible energy saving obligation schemes and financing options Energy efficiency measures savings potential Access to capital for energy efficiency measures
Adaptation	Institutional setup and organisation of mainstreaming of adaptation Methodologies for estimation of costs and benefits of adaptation measures Effective tools and best practices for raising public awareness and public participation Indicators for the evidence base for adaptation policy decisions
Transport	Increasing efficiency through intelligent transport systems Efficient integration of modal networks

Prioritized main topics	Knowledge needs
Renewable energy	Cost-effectiveness of support schemes for renewable energyCosts development of renewable energy technologiesHarmonisation of support schemes for renewables within and across EU member statesSmart grids
Emissions trading	Further harmonisation of emissions trading scheme implementation across the EUPrice stabilisation mechanisms, backloading, changes to the linear reduction factorPotential for and impacts of links to other emissions trading schemes around the world
EU climate policy	Interaction of different climate policy instruments and different targetsCost-effectiveness of targetsCarbon-pricing instruments (ETS, taxation)Actions in other parts of the world, compared to the European Union
Financing	Incremental additional investment required in specific sectorsMobilisation of private financial flowsInnovative finance schemes in an international context
International climate negotiations	Climate finance generating mechanisms, innovative climate finance schemesTypes and timescales of climate change mitigation targetsVertical integration between decision-making levels
Agriculture and forestry	Sustainability criteria for biomassIndirect land use and LULUCF accountingCarbon sequestrationFertiliser, manure and livestock management
Energy policy	Electricity market designEnergy price developments in different world regions, and its impacts
Industry	Competitiveness: carbon leakage impacts and related exemptionsSectoral innovation scope, reduction potential and costs
Energy efficiency	Effectiveness of existing energy efficiency policyPossible energy saving obligation schemes and financing optionsEnergy efficiency measures savings potentialAccess to capital for energy efficiency measures
Adaptation	Institutional setup and organisation of mainstreaming of adaptationMethodologies for estimation of costs and benefits of adaptation measuresEffective tools and best practices for raising public awareness and public participationIndicators for the evidence base for adaptation policy decisions
Transport	Increasing efficiency through intelligent transport systemsEfficient integration of modal networks

Source: Ecologic Institute (2014)