Table 2 Themes and subthemes under tools... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2

Themes and subthemes under tools in the three activity systems

Component	Themes	Subthemes
Tools in ASA	Well-prepared and flexible daily routine
	Systemic emergent curriculum integrating early learning goals	Action research-based curriculum Stopping use of existing integrated curriculum books Creative thematic activities
	Education approach	Achieving social development goals in daily activities Applying a child-centered approach and difficulties
	Effective physical environment	Effective physical environment design Environment combining classical and modern culture
Tools in ASB	Daily routine started with morning reading
	Initial implementation of emergent curriculum and existing curriculum books	Combination of emergent curriculum and existing curriculum books Enacting early learning goals as a tool and the confusion
	Group activities as a tool to set learning rules
	Creative corner activities
	Education approach	Child-centered approach Play-based learning Learning in life experience Learning stories for two individuals instead of observation records for all
	A beautiful and functional environment	Hand-made decorations Creative playground and function rooms
Tools in ASC	Detailed daily routine
	Emergent curriculum at initial stage
	Education approach with challenges	Child-centered approach Learning from life experience Working hard for an integrated curriculum
	Various activities without effective child observation documentation
	Scarce resources	Frustration at shortage of materials Simple environment reflecting lack of resources

Component	Themes	Subthemes
Tools in ASA	Well-prepared and flexible daily routine
	Systemic emergent curriculum integrating early learning goals	Action research-based curriculum Stopping use of existing integrated curriculum books Creative thematic activities
	Education approach	Achieving social development goals in daily activities Applying a child-centered approach and difficulties
	Effective physical environment	Effective physical environment design Environment combining classical and modern culture
Tools in ASB	Daily routine started with morning reading
	Initial implementation of emergent curriculum and existing curriculum books	Combination of emergent curriculum and existing curriculum books Enacting early learning goals as a tool and the confusion
	Group activities as a tool to set learning rules
	Creative corner activities
	Education approach	Child-centered approach Play-based learning Learning in life experience Learning stories for two individuals instead of observation records for all
	A beautiful and functional environment	Hand-made decorations Creative playground and function rooms
Tools in ASC	Detailed daily routine
	Emergent curriculum at initial stage
	Education approach with challenges	Child-centered approach Learning from life experience Working hard for an integrated curriculum
	Various activities without effective child observation documentation
	Scarce resources	Frustration at shortage of materials Simple environment reflecting lack of resources

Source(s): Author’s work