Table 5 Post double selection LASSO OLS...

Table 5

Post double selection LASSO OLS for the amount of short-term debt: farm types

	All farms	Residence	Intermediate	Commercial
Covid government payments (million $)	0.315 (0.445)	−1.565 (1.221)	−0.884 (0.865)	0.183 (0.494)
Short-Term Interest Rate (%)	−0.0175^*** (0.00237)	−0.00883^*** (0.00171)	−0.00952^*** (0.00207)	−0.0476^*** (0.00497)
Crop Insurance Use (1/0)	0.0357 (0.0361)	−0.0808^** (0.0392)
Individual Farm (1/0)	−0.0787 (0.0582)			0.0728 (0.0722)
Farm Investment (million $)	0.197^** (0.0940)			0.179 (0.113)
Gross Farm Income (million $)	0.0982^*** (0.0287)	0.774^*** (0.153)	0.383 (0.226)	0.107^*** (0.0273)
Return on Assets (%)	0.0424 (0.163)
Total Assets (million $)	0.0380^*** (0.0103)		0.0246^*** (0.00695)	0.0370^*** (0.0114)
Contracts Use		0.0397 (0.0529)
Constant	0.239^*** (0.0444)	0.0723^*** (0.00913)	0.0699^*** (0.00847)	0.442^*** (0.0675)
Observations	9,270	1,576	2,462	5,232
Represented Farms	876,416	365,133	293,307	217,976
Rˆ2	0.383	0.232	0.211	0.282
Number of Double Selection Lasso Controls	21	11	6	6
Number of Double Selection LASSO Interactions Related to
Gender	1	2	1
Race	1	1
Farm characteristics	8	5	3	2
Other farmer characteristics	5

	All farms	Residence	Intermediate	Commercial
Covid government payments (million $)	0.315 (0.445)	−1.565 (1.221)	−0.884 (0.865)	0.183 (0.494)
Short-Term Interest Rate (%)	−0.0175^*** (0.00237)	−0.00883^*** (0.00171)	−0.00952^*** (0.00207)	−0.0476^*** (0.00497)
Crop Insurance Use (1/0)	0.0357 (0.0361)	−0.0808^** (0.0392)
Individual Farm (1/0)	−0.0787 (0.0582)			0.0728 (0.0722)
Farm Investment (million $)	0.197^** (0.0940)			0.179 (0.113)
Gross Farm Income (million $)	0.0982^*** (0.0287)	0.774^*** (0.153)	0.383 (0.226)	0.107^*** (0.0273)
Return on Assets (%)	0.0424 (0.163)
Total Assets (million $)	0.0380^*** (0.0103)		0.0246^*** (0.00695)	0.0370^*** (0.0114)
Contracts Use		0.0397 (0.0529)
Constant	0.239^*** (0.0444)	0.0723^*** (0.00913)	0.0699^*** (0.00847)	0.442^*** (0.0675)
Observations	9,270	1,576	2,462	5,232
Represented Farms	876,416	365,133	293,307	217,976
Rˆ2	0.383	0.232	0.211	0.282
Number of Double Selection Lasso Controls	21	11	6	6
Number of Double Selection LASSO Interactions Related to
Gender	1	2	1
Race	1	1
Farm characteristics	8	5	3	2
Other farmer characteristics	5

Note(s): This table shows the estimation results for equation (5) $y_{i} = {β_{0} {+ β}_{int} int}_{i} + β_{g o v} {g o v}_{i} + β_{x} \tilde{x_{i}} + ε_{i}$ where $y_{i}$ refers to the dollar amount of short-term debt. LASSO selected interactions within $\tilde{x}$ are classified as being related to gender, race, farm characteristics, and other farmer characteristics at the bottom of the table depicting the relevance of each category of controls for the estimated association. Standard errors in parentheses. ^*p < 0.10, ^**p < 0.05, ^***p < 0.01

Source(s): Authors own work

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