Pearson correlation matrix and VIF
| arl | acsize | acind | acgd | acd | ace | big4 | art | fsize | lev | roa | VIF | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| arl | 1.00 | |||||||||||
| acsize | −0.05** | 1.00 | 1.27 | |||||||||
| acind | −0.16 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 1.17 | ||||||||
| acgd | −0.10* | 0.13 | 0.27** | 1.00 | 1.32 | |||||||
| acd | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.08 | −0.02 | 1.00 | 1.07 | ||||||
| ace | −0.13* | 0.17* | 0.10 | 0.04 | −0.10 | 1.00 | 1.18 | |||||
| big4 | −0.18* | −0.07 | 0.11 | 0.12 | −0.11 | −0.02 | 1.00 | 1.09 | ||||
| art | 0.15* | 0.12 | −0.10 | 0.06 | 0.10 | −0.04 | −0.02 | 1.00 | 1.16 | |||
| fsize | −0.23** | 0.11 | 0.22** | 0.33** | −0.04 | 0.28** | 0.10 | 0.19** | 1.00 | 1.39 | ||
| lev | 0.11 | 0.04 | −0.03 | −0.01 | 0.05 | 0.19** | −0.04 | −0.12 | 0.09 | 1.00 | 1.28 | |
| roa | −0.11 | 0.30** | −0.13 | 0.14 | −0.11 | −0.05 | 0.15* | 0.23** | 0.08 | −0.36** | 1.00 | 1.56 |
| Mean VIF | 1.25 | |||||||||||
| arl | acsize | acind | acgd | acd | ace | big4 | art | fsize | lev | roa | VIF | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| arl | 1.00 | |||||||||||
| acsize | −0.05** | 1.00 | 1.27 | |||||||||
| acind | −0.16 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 1.17 | ||||||||
| acgd | −0.10* | 0.13 | 0.27** | 1.00 | 1.32 | |||||||
| acd | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.08 | −0.02 | 1.00 | 1.07 | ||||||
| ace | −0.13* | 0.17* | 0.10 | 0.04 | −0.10 | 1.00 | 1.18 | |||||
| big4 | −0.18* | −0.07 | 0.11 | 0.12 | −0.11 | −0.02 | 1.00 | 1.09 | ||||
| art | 0.15* | 0.12 | −0.10 | 0.06 | 0.10 | −0.04 | −0.02 | 1.00 | 1.16 | |||
| fsize | −0.23** | 0.11 | 0.22** | 0.33** | −0.04 | 0.28** | 0.10 | 0.19** | 1.00 | 1.39 | ||
| lev | 0.11 | 0.04 | −0.03 | −0.01 | 0.05 | 0.19** | −0.04 | −0.12 | 0.09 | 1.00 | 1.28 | |
| roa | −0.11 | 0.30** | −0.13 | 0.14 | −0.11 | −0.05 | 0.15* | 0.23** | 0.08 | −0.36** | 1.00 | 1.56 |
Note(s): ** and * indicate level of significance at 1% and 5%, respectively. For definition of variables, refer to Table 2
Source(s): Authors’ own creation
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