Table 3 WHM scheme scenarios Policy... | Emerald Publishing

Table 3

WHM scheme scenarios

Policy focus	Policy approach	Visa changes	Scheme characteristics
Cultural exchange	Restrictive	Short-term	Cultural Bubbles: Traditional scheme targeting cultural exchange seekers. Focus on tourism and limited work rights. No extensions or visa transitions allowed
Cultural exchange	Facilitative	Medium-term	Global Wanderers: Targeting cultural exchange seekers and career explorers. Broad eligibility, flexible work options, emphasis on personal growth. Can be linked to multi-country visas and include the ability to work remotely in one or more countries (e.g. digital nomads)
Labour market needs	Restrictive	Short-to-medium term	Managed Migration: Scheme linked to skills shortages, country quotas, strict work permits, limited pathways to residency. Targeting economic opportunists
Labour market needs	Facilitative	Medium-to-long term	The Race for Talent (Skill-based mobility): Recognition of skills and qualifications, integration into labour market, full labour rights, language and rights training and pathways to residency based on transparent criteria (e.g. points based). Targeting career explorers and aspiring migrants

Policy focus	Policy approach	Visa changes	Scheme characteristics
Cultural exchange	Restrictive	Short-term	Cultural Bubbles: Traditional scheme targeting cultural exchange seekers. Focus on tourism and limited work rights. No extensions or visa transitions allowed
Cultural exchange	Facilitative	Medium-term	Global Wanderers: Targeting cultural exchange seekers and career explorers. Broad eligibility, flexible work options, emphasis on personal growth. Can be linked to multi-country visas and include the ability to work remotely in one or more countries (e.g. digital nomads)
Labour market needs	Restrictive	Short-to-medium term	Managed Migration: Scheme linked to skills shortages, country quotas, strict work permits, limited pathways to residency. Targeting economic opportunists
Labour market needs	Facilitative	Medium-to-long term	The Race for Talent (Skill-based mobility): Recognition of skills and qualifications, integration into labour market, full labour rights, language and rights training and pathways to residency based on transparent criteria (e.g. points based). Targeting career explorers and aspiring migrants

Source(s): The authors