Table A1

Course-customized ESE accuracy - items

Construct*Likert items + open-ended control questions**
ESE accuracy1I can describe the “design thinking” process
If “agree” or “strongly agree”: Please list some steps in the design thinking process
2If I need help (guidance and funds) with my start-up, I know where to get support
If “agree” or “strongly agree”: Please name two accelerators/incubators for start-ups in our country. If “agree” or “strongly agree”: Please name two sources of funding for a start-up
3I am very good in developing new and creative ideas
If “agree” or “strongly agree”: Please name two techniques to create new ideas
4Innovation and entrepreneurship are very important for our society/economy
If “agree” or “strongly agree”: Please give two examples of the value of innovation and/or entrepreneurship for our society/economy
5Innovation and entrepreneurship will be very important for my future career
If “agree” or “strongly agree”: Please give two examples of the value of innovation and/or entrepreneurship for your future career

Note(s): *Difference score between self-scored Likert items and instructor-scored open answers, adapted from Talsma et al. (2019) 

**Directly derived from course learning objectives and study materials, as prescribed by Bandura (1986), and Nabi et al. (2017) / with 4-point scale following recommendations by Chang (1994), Chyung et al. (2017), Kulas and Stachowski (2013), Preston and Colman (2000), Raaijmakers et al. (2000) and Weems and Onwuegbyzie (2001) 

Source(s): The author’s own creation

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