Failure factors of CE adoption in C&D sector
| Failure factor | Overall | Organization type | Economics | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LE | SME | Developing | Developed | ||
| Lack of awareness about the benefits of CE adoption | 5.62 | 5.64 | 5.61 | 5.67 | 5.55 |
| Insufficient incentives and support mechanisms | 5.69 | 5.76 | 5.60 | 5.72 | 5.39 |
| Weak enforcement of CDWM regulations and policies | 5.23 | 5.21 | 5.27 | 5.33 | 5.04 |
| Limited access to best practices and real-world case studies | 5.79 | 5.66 | 5.70 | 5.61 | 5.58 |
| High initial investment required for recycling facilities | 6.15 | 5.89 | 5.93 | 6.08 | 5.80 |
| Inadequate advanced recycling technologies and material flow tracing systems | 5.78 | 5.64 | 6.68 | 5.59 | 5.56 |
| Insufficient resources and infrastructure for effective CDWM | 5.54 | 5.41 | 5.65 | 5.58 | 5.46 |
| Reluctance to use recycled products due to perceived quality concerns | 6.30 | 6.15 | 5.88 | 5.98 | 6.16 |
| Limited space for on-site material sorting and storage | 5.64 | 5.52 | 5.71 | 5.69 | 5.57 |
| Resistance to transitioning from a linear to a CE model | 5.67 | 5.55 | 5.72 | 5.73 | 5.61 |
| Uncertain demand for recycled products or materials | 5.69 | 5.68 | 5.69 | 5.76 | 5.66 |
| Challenges in separating materials from C&D wastes | 5.38 | 5.47 | 5.09 | 5.27 | 5.60 |
| Lack of information on the performance of recycled materials | 5.47 | 5.56 | 5.18 | 5.36 | 5.69 |
| Easy access to inexpensive virgin materials in the market | 5.69 | 5.55 | 5.04 | 5.93 | 5.09 |
| Limited market for secondary or recycled products and materials | 6.47 | 6.17 | 6.71 | 6.22 | 6.35 |
| Insufficient integration of CE principles into building design | 5.62 | 5.63 | 5.59 | 5.67 | 5.54 |
| Inadequate logistics for CDW collection and transportation | 5.63 | 5.64 | 5.60 | 5.68 | 5.55 |
| Poor stakeholder collaboration and engagement | 6.00 | 5.87 | 5.91 | 5.96 | 5.78 |
| Inconsistent policies and regulations across regions | 5.77 | 5.79 | 5.71 | 5.78 | 5.75 |
| Lack of clear goals, vision, and targets for CE adoption | 4.92 | 4.94 | 4.89 | 4.98 | 4.82 |
| Low landfill gate fees and insufficient penalties for non-compliance | 5.31 | 5.39 | 4.89 | 5.72 | 4.87 |
| Poor planning for end-of-life material reuse and recovery | 5.92 | 5.74 | 5.72 | 5.88 | 5.69 |
| Complexity in handling and managing CDW materials | 6.21 | 6.00 | 5.73 | 6.01 | 5.89 |
| Absence of standardized design practices for deconstruction and material reuse | 5.77 | 5.82 | 5.39 | 5.95 | 5.08 |
| Insufficient funding to implement CE initiatives | 5.23 | 5.21 | 5.27 | 5.33 | 5.24 |
| Perceived financial risks and low profit margins | 5.46 | 5.55 | 5.17 | 5.35 | 5.68 |
| Lack of reliable data on CDW generation and composition | 5.77 | 5.79 | 5.69 | 5.78 | 5.75 |
| Fragmented supply chains for circular materials | 5.78 | 5.81 | 5.70 | 5.79 | 5.65 |
| Failure factor | Overall | Organization type | Economics | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LE | SME | Developing | Developed | ||
| Lack of awareness about the benefits of CE adoption | 5.62 | 5.64 | 5.61 | 5.67 | 5.55 |
| Insufficient incentives and support mechanisms | 5.69 | 5.76 | 5.60 | 5.72 | 5.39 |
| Weak enforcement of CDWM regulations and policies | 5.23 | 5.21 | 5.27 | 5.33 | 5.04 |
| Limited access to best practices and real-world case studies | 5.79 | 5.66 | 5.70 | 5.61 | 5.58 |
| High initial investment required for recycling facilities | 6.15 | 5.89 | 5.93 | 6.08 | 5.80 |
| Inadequate advanced recycling technologies and material flow tracing systems | 5.78 | 5.64 | 6.68 | 5.59 | 5.56 |
| Insufficient resources and infrastructure for effective CDWM | 5.54 | 5.41 | 5.65 | 5.58 | 5.46 |
| Reluctance to use recycled products due to perceived quality concerns | 6.30 | 6.15 | 5.88 | 5.98 | 6.16 |
| Limited space for on-site material sorting and storage | 5.64 | 5.52 | 5.71 | 5.69 | 5.57 |
| Resistance to transitioning from a linear to a CE model | 5.67 | 5.55 | 5.72 | 5.73 | 5.61 |
| Uncertain demand for recycled products or materials | 5.69 | 5.68 | 5.69 | 5.76 | 5.66 |
| Challenges in separating materials from C&D wastes | 5.38 | 5.47 | 5.09 | 5.27 | 5.60 |
| Lack of information on the performance of recycled materials | 5.47 | 5.56 | 5.18 | 5.36 | 5.69 |
| Easy access to inexpensive virgin materials in the market | 5.69 | 5.55 | 5.04 | 5.93 | 5.09 |
| Limited market for secondary or recycled products and materials | 6.47 | 6.17 | 6.71 | 6.22 | 6.35 |
| Insufficient integration of CE principles into building design | 5.62 | 5.63 | 5.59 | 5.67 | 5.54 |
| Inadequate logistics for CDW collection and transportation | 5.63 | 5.64 | 5.60 | 5.68 | 5.55 |
| Poor stakeholder collaboration and engagement | 6.00 | 5.87 | 5.91 | 5.96 | 5.78 |
| Inconsistent policies and regulations across regions | 5.77 | 5.79 | 5.71 | 5.78 | 5.75 |
| Lack of clear goals, vision, and targets for CE adoption | 4.92 | 4.94 | 4.89 | 4.98 | 4.82 |
| Low landfill gate fees and insufficient penalties for non-compliance | 5.31 | 5.39 | 4.89 | 5.72 | 4.87 |
| Poor planning for end-of-life material reuse and recovery | 5.92 | 5.74 | 5.72 | 5.88 | 5.69 |
| Complexity in handling and managing CDW materials | 6.21 | 6.00 | 5.73 | 6.01 | 5.89 |
| Absence of standardized design practices for deconstruction and material reuse | 5.77 | 5.82 | 5.39 | 5.95 | 5.08 |
| Insufficient funding to implement CE initiatives | 5.23 | 5.21 | 5.27 | 5.33 | 5.24 |
| Perceived financial risks and low profit margins | 5.46 | 5.55 | 5.17 | 5.35 | 5.68 |
| Lack of reliable data on CDW generation and composition | 5.77 | 5.79 | 5.69 | 5.78 | 5.75 |
| Fragmented supply chains for circular materials | 5.78 | 5.81 | 5.70 | 5.79 | 5.65 |
Source(s): Created by the authors