Proposed attributes
| Theory | Aspect | Criteria | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Resource-based view | A1 Management barrier | C1 | Lack of support from top management |
| C2 | Absence of a comprehensive plan to implement GHRM | ||
| C3 | Lack of corporation and commitment from HR | ||
| C4 | Inadequate proactive plans | ||
| C5 | Lack of reward systems | ||
| A2 Human resource barrier | C6 | Lack of focus towards the environmental/green training and obligations/awareness | |
| C7 | Lack of green teams and their cross-functional integration | ||
| C8 | Lack of policies and practices for recruitment and selection, performance, appraisal | ||
| C9 | Employee's capacity to change | ||
| C10 | Lack of employee welfare package | ||
| A3 Organizational barrier | C11 | The Lack of understanding of green policies | |
| C12 | Lack of environmental management (EM) knowledge | ||
| C13 | Insufficient environmental competencies | ||
| C14 | Lack of green culture | ||
| C15 | Complexity of design and implementation of GHRM | ||
| C16 | Lack of Inter-departmental co-operation in communication | ||
| A4 Financial barrier | C17 | Lack of financial resources | |
| C18 | Economic Instability | ||
| C19 | Cost of switching to new system | ||
| C20 | Lack of funds for training | ||
| C21 | Low level of profit and market demand level | ||
| C22 | High cost of obtaining environmental certifications | ||
| C23 | Return on investment uncertainty | ||
| A5 Technical and infrastructural barriers | C24 | Inefficient technology | |
| C25 | Complexity and difficulty of adoption of green technology | ||
| C26 | Lack of technical and technological capacity | ||
| C27 | Current practice lacks flexibility to switch over to a new system | ||
| C28 | Difficulty in transforming positive environmental attitudes into action | ||
| C29 | Lack of expertise in environmental management | ||
| Stakeholder theory | A6 Regulatory and industry barriers | C30 | Lack of government policies and regulations |
| C31 | Lack of infrastructure | ||
| C32 | Inefficient legal framework | ||
| C33 | Lack of industrial support | ||
| A7 Customer barrier | C34 | Lack of trust in green benefits | |
| C35 | Lack of Customer Demand | ||
| C36 | Pressure for lower price | ||
| Theory | Aspect | Criteria | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Resource-based view | A1 Management barrier | C1 | Lack of support from top management |
| C2 | Absence of a comprehensive plan to implement GHRM | ||
| C3 | Lack of corporation and commitment from HR | ||
| C4 | Inadequate proactive plans | ||
| C5 | Lack of reward systems | ||
| A2 Human resource barrier | C6 | Lack of focus towards the environmental/green training and obligations/awareness | |
| C7 | Lack of green teams and their cross-functional integration | ||
| C8 | Lack of policies and practices for recruitment and selection, performance, appraisal | ||
| C9 | Employee's capacity to change | ||
| C10 | Lack of employee welfare package | ||
| A3 Organizational barrier | C11 | The Lack of understanding of green policies | |
| C12 | Lack of environmental management (EM) knowledge | ||
| C13 | Insufficient environmental competencies | ||
| C14 | Lack of green culture | ||
| C15 | Complexity of design and implementation of GHRM | ||
| C16 | Lack of Inter-departmental co-operation in communication | ||
| A4 Financial barrier | C17 | Lack of financial resources | |
| C18 | Economic Instability | ||
| C19 | Cost of switching to new system | ||
| C20 | Lack of funds for training | ||
| C21 | Low level of profit and market demand level | ||
| C22 | High cost of obtaining environmental certifications | ||
| C23 | Return on investment uncertainty | ||
| A5 Technical and infrastructural barriers | C24 | Inefficient technology | |
| C25 | Complexity and difficulty of adoption of green technology | ||
| C26 | Lack of technical and technological capacity | ||
| C27 | Current practice lacks flexibility to switch over to a new system | ||
| C28 | Difficulty in transforming positive environmental attitudes into action | ||
| C29 | Lack of expertise in environmental management | ||
| Stakeholder theory | A6 Regulatory and industry barriers | C30 | Lack of government policies and regulations |
| C31 | Lack of infrastructure | ||
| C32 | Inefficient legal framework | ||
| C33 | Lack of industrial support | ||
| A7 Customer barrier | C34 | Lack of trust in green benefits | |
| C35 | Lack of Customer Demand | ||
| C36 | Pressure for lower price | ||
Source(s): Authors' own creation
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