Table 1

Follower outcomes in ethical leadership studies

StudiesFollower outcome variables of ethical leadership
Ko et al. (2018)
(n = 62 studies)
40 outcome variables
Ethical behavior, employee misconduct, organizational deviance, counterproductive behavior, unit unethical behavior, booking questionable journal entry, whistle-blowing, reporting unethical conduct, interpersonal deviant workplace behavior, bullying, incivility, moral efficacy, moral voice, organizational citizenship behaviors, helping, internal social capital, unit relationship conflict, leader–member exchange, job satisfaction, employee well-being at work, optimism, turnover intention, job search behaviors, emotional exhaustion, work engagement, effort, personal initiative, promotability, voice behavior, affective organizational commitment, normative organizational commitment, in-role job performance, extra role performance, life satisfaction, family satisfaction, organizational citizenship behaviors, corporate social responsibility, financial performance, firm performance, interorganizational conflict
Bedi et al. (2015)
(n = 147 studies)
15 outcome variables
Perceptions of ethical climate, self-efficacy, ethical behavior, job satisfaction, organization commitment, affective commitment, organizational citizenship behavior, job performance, organizational identification, turnover intentions, relationship conflict, effort, voice, psychological well-being, work stress

Source(s): Authors’ own work

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