Measures of variables
| Constructs | Items |
|---|---|
| Ethical leadership | Brown et al. (2005) My supervisor:
|
| Perceived emotional support | Stenholm and Nielsen (2019)
|
| Satisfaction with organization COVID-19 responses | Vo-Thanh et al. (2020)
|
| Emotional stability | Watson and Clark (1984) To what extent do you feel this way generally during COVID-19: (1 = not at all to 5 = extremely)
|
| Constructs | Items |
|---|---|
| Ethical leadership | Listens to what employees have to say Disciplines employees who violate ethical standards Conducts his/her personal life in an ethical manner Has the best interests of employees in mind Makes fair and balanced decisions Can be trusted Discusses business ethics or values with employees Sets an example of how to do things the right way in terms of ethics Defines success not just by results but also the way they are obtained Asks “what is the right thing to do?” when making decisions |
| Perceived emotional support | Support and caring from supervisor had a broader meaning for me beyond the financial support during COVID-19 pandemic Support and caring from supervisor increased my beliefs of me as an important employee in this company during COVID-19 pandemic Support and caring from supervisor increased my engagement at work during COVID-19 pandemic Support and caring from supervisor encouraged me during COVID-19 pandemic |
| Satisfaction with organization COVID-19 responses | I am satisfied with the way that my company responded to COVID-19 My company did everything that it could have in response to COVID-19 My company took care of its employees’ needs resulting from COVID-19 |
| Emotional stability | Excited Enthusiastic Active Alert Strong Calm and relaxed |
Source(s): Authors’ own work
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