Table 1.

Measurement and operationalization of the study variables

VariableOperational definitionSourceMeasurementNo. of itemsSample questions asked
Entrepreneurial wellbeingHedonic and eudaimonic wellbeing that captures life satisfaction, affect and psychological functioningWiklund et al. (2019) Life satisfaction7This business has enabled to provide clothing for my children; this business has enabled me to feed my family; this business has enabled me to educate my children
Affect6I feel happy when running my business; I feel relaxed when operating my business; I feel inspired by my business
Psychological functioning10I have many close friends with whom to share my concerns; I enjoy making plans for the future and working to make them a reality; I have really improved much as a person over the years
Entrepreneurial resilienceThe entrepreneur’s capacity to effectively handle challenging personal and market circumstances, as well as disruptive occurrences, while maintaining a focus on the futureSaad et al. (2021) Hardiness5When things look hopeless in my business, I don’t give up; when am under pressure, I can focus and think clearly for my business; I prefer to take the lead in problem-solving for my business
Optimism7I can handle unpleasant feelings in my business; I see the good side of things in my business; In my business, I believe things happen for a reason
Resourcefulness6I know where to turn for help in my business; I take pride in my business achievements; I can adapt to changes in my business

Source(s): Authors’ own work

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