Constructs in the theory of basic human values
| Subscale | Definition: importance of … |
|---|---|
| Hedonism | Pleasure and sensuous gratification for oneself |
| Stimulation | Excitement, novelty, and challenge in life |
| Self-direction | Independent thought and action, choosing, creating, and exploring |
| Benevolence | Preservation and enhancement of the welfare of people with whom one is in frequent personal contact |
| Universalism | Understanding, appreciation, tolerance, and protection for the welfare of all people and of nature |
| Conformity | Restraint of actions, inclinations, and impulses likely to upset or harm others or violate social expectations or norms |
| Tradition | Respect, commitment and acceptance of the customs and ideas that traditional culture or religion provides |
| Security | Safety, harmony and stability of society, relationships, and self |
| Power | Social status and prestige, control or dominance over people and resources |
| Achievement | Personal success through demonstrating competence according to social standards |
| Subscale | Definition: importance of … |
|---|---|
| Hedonism | Pleasure and sensuous gratification for oneself |
| Stimulation | Excitement, novelty, and challenge in life |
| Self-direction | Independent thought and action, choosing, creating, and exploring |
| Benevolence | Preservation and enhancement of the welfare of people with whom one is in frequent personal contact |
| Universalism | Understanding, appreciation, tolerance, and protection for the welfare of all people and of nature |
| Conformity | Restraint of actions, inclinations, and impulses likely to upset or harm others or violate social expectations or norms |
| Tradition | Respect, commitment and acceptance of the customs and ideas that traditional culture or religion provides |
| Security | Safety, harmony and stability of society, relationships, and self |
| Power | Social status and prestige, control or dominance over people and resources |
| Achievement | Personal success through demonstrating competence according to social standards |
Source(s): Authors’ own work
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