Modified human capital model-regional returns to education in Zambia - (dependent variable = log of wage)
| Variable | Urban regions (n = 2,103) | Peri-urban regions (n = 745) | Rural regions (n = 539) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coef | SD | Coef | SD | Coef | SD | |
| Secondary | 0.596*** | 0.083 | 0.519*** | 0.119 | 0.422 | 0.357 |
| Tertiary | 1.598*** | 0.105 | 1.379*** | 0.159 | −0.454 | 0.478 |
| Age | 0.007* | 0.003 | 0.025*** | 0.005 | 0.0169 | 0.014 |
| Experience | 0.072*** | 0.01 | 0.024 | 0.02 | −0.011 | 0.044 |
| Gender dummy | −0.042 | 0.069 | 0.274* | 0.11 | 0.317 | 0.287 |
| Bad health | −0.05563 | 0.251 | −0.215 | 0.239 | −0.295 | 0.518 |
| Worse health | 0.152 | 0.485 | 0.205 | 0.457 | −0.5931 | 0.571 |
| Secondary*Bad health | 0.223 | 0.295 | 0.059 | 0.311 | 0.124 | 0.656 |
| Secondary*Worse health | −0.011 | 0.515 | 0.095 | 0.493 | 0.074 | 0.795 |
| Tertiary*Bad health | 0.202 | 0.326 | 0.382 | 0.357 | 2.009** | 0.725 |
| Tertiary*Worse health | −1.103* | 0.556 | −0.191 | 0.539 | 3.132* | 1.256 |
| Married | −0.07 | 0.055 | −0.232* | 0.093 | −0.179 | 0.238 |
| Hours | 0.001** | 0.001 | 0.005*** | 0.001 | 0.005*** | 0.002 |
| Child care | 0.088 | 0.071 | −0.036 | 0.088 | 0.379 | 0.263 |
| Union | 0.643*** | 0.073 | 1.251*** | 0.118 | 1.438*** | 0.353 |
| Head of house | 0.229** | 0.071 | 0.416*** | 0.121 | 0.413 | 0.293 |
| Experience2 | −0.001*** | 0.0003 | −0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Constant | 5.539*** | 0.158 | 4.417*** | 0.216 | 3.367*** | 0.566 |
| Variable | Urban regions | Peri-urban regions ( | Rural regions | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coef | SD | Coef | SD | Coef | SD | |
| Secondary | 0.596*** | 0.083 | 0.519*** | 0.119 | 0.422 | 0.357 |
| Tertiary | 1.598*** | 0.105 | 1.379*** | 0.159 | −0.454 | 0.478 |
| Age | 0.007* | 0.003 | 0.025*** | 0.005 | 0.0169 | 0.014 |
| Experience | 0.072*** | 0.01 | 0.024 | 0.02 | −0.011 | 0.044 |
| Gender dummy | −0.042 | 0.069 | 0.274* | 0.11 | 0.317 | 0.287 |
| Bad health | −0.05563 | 0.251 | −0.215 | 0.239 | −0.295 | 0.518 |
| Worse health | 0.152 | 0.485 | 0.205 | 0.457 | −0.5931 | 0.571 |
| Secondary*Bad health | 0.223 | 0.295 | 0.059 | 0.311 | 0.124 | 0.656 |
| Secondary*Worse health | −0.011 | 0.515 | 0.095 | 0.493 | 0.074 | 0.795 |
| Tertiary*Bad health | 0.202 | 0.326 | 0.382 | 0.357 | 2.009** | 0.725 |
| Tertiary*Worse health | −1.103* | 0.556 | −0.191 | 0.539 | 3.132* | 1.256 |
| Married | −0.07 | 0.055 | −0.232* | 0.093 | −0.179 | 0.238 |
| Hours | 0.001** | 0.001 | 0.005*** | 0.001 | 0.005*** | 0.002 |
| Child care | 0.088 | 0.071 | −0.036 | 0.088 | 0.379 | 0.263 |
| Union | 0.643*** | 0.073 | 1.251*** | 0.118 | 1.438*** | 0.353 |
| Head of house | 0.229** | 0.071 | 0.416*** | 0.121 | 0.413 | 0.293 |
| Experience2 | −0.001*** | 0.0003 | −0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Constant | 5.539*** | 0.158 | 4.417*** | 0.216 | 3.367*** | 0.566 |
Note(s): *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001
Source(s): Authors’ own work
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