Table 7

Long and short-term estimates (model: PMG-ARDL)

VariablesCoefficientsStd. Errort-StatisticProb.*
Long Run Equation
SMC_−0.054925***0.003838−14.311570.0000
DMBA_−0.218424***0.006829−31.986480.0000
RPA__0.000218***1.69E-06128.94810.0000
NRPA__0.000366***5.78E-0663.309550.0000
ET_2.321627***0.07928129.283400.0000
Trade_0.172359***0.00951318.118350.0000
Short Run Equation
COINTEQ01−0.552854***0.066927−8.2605750.0000
D(SMC_)−0.247290***0.078180−3.1630870.0019
D(SMC_(−1))0.313967***0.0636894.9297130.0000
D(DMBA_)0.148788*0.0796461.8681200.0635
D(DMBA_(−1))−0.098364***0.031624−3.1104070.0022
D(RPA__)4.52E−052.97E-051.5185430.1308
D(RPA__(−1))4.72E−05***1.46E-053.2388560.0015
D(NRPA__)0.000445***9.33E-054.7628610.0000
D(NRPA__(−1))−7.48E−05**2.09E-05−3.5702280.0005
D(ET_)−3.086033***0.755027−4.0873130.0001
D(ET_(−1))2.095404***0.3062306.8425880.0000
D(Trade_)0.324890***0.0419307.7484290.0000
D(Trade_(−1))0.134372***0.0472012.8468310.0050

Note(s): p-values significance tests are in parentheses. ***p < 0.01; **p < 0.05; *p < 0.1

Source(s): Author’s compilation (2025)

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