Regressions on eco-innovation index
| Variables | (1) | (2) |
|---|---|---|
| GEND | 0.015*** (0.003) | 0.017*** (0.003) |
| BMEET | 0.015*** (0.003) | 0.011*** (0.003) |
| BSIZE | 0.007 (0.010) | 0.014 (0.012) |
| SKILLS | −0.008*** (0.001) | −0.006*** (0.001) |
| CEO | 0.073 (0.066) | 0.031 (0.085) |
| CSR | 0.974*** (0.078) | 0.800*** (0.070) |
| EMT | 0.548*** (0.074) | 0.505*** (0.074) |
| INDEP | 0.005*** (0.002) | 0.006*** (0.002) |
| SUST_INC | 0.341*** (0.078) | 0.244*** (0.063) |
| ROA | −0.037*** (0.008) | −0.002 (0.008) |
| LOSS | 0.0001** (0.0001) | 0.0001 (0.0001) |
| SIZE | 0.191*** (0.016) | 0.192*** (0.023) |
| LEV | 0.004 (0.004) | −0.00004 (0.006) |
| Constant | −1.458*** (0.347) | −1.340*** (0.370) |
| Observations | 1,434 | 1,434 |
| R-squared | 0.515 | 0.331 |
| Fixed effects | No | No |
| Pooled OLS | Yes | No |
| Random effects | No | Yes |
| Variables | (1) | (2) |
|---|---|---|
| 0.015 | 0.017 | |
| 0.015 | 0.011 | |
| 0.007 (0.010) | 0.014 (0.012) | |
| −0.008 | −0.006 | |
| 0.073 (0.066) | 0.031 (0.085) | |
| 0.974 | 0.800 | |
| 0.548 | 0.505 | |
| 0.005 | 0.006 | |
| SUST_INC | 0.341 | 0.244 |
| −0.037 | −0.002 (0.008) | |
| 0.0001 | 0.0001 (0.0001) | |
| 0.191 | 0.192 | |
| 0.004 (0.004) | −0.00004 (0.006) | |
| Constant | −1.458 | −1.340 |
| Observations | 1,434 | 1,434 |
| 0.515 | 0.331 | |
| Fixed effects | No | No |
| Pooled | Yes | No |
| Random effects | No | Yes |
This table provides the estimates of the pooled OLS and random-effect regressions for 2011–2022. The dependent variable is the eco-innovation index (ECOINN). Variables definitions are provided in Table 3. Robust standard errors (SE) are reported in parentheses. ***p < 0.01; **p < 0.05 and *p < 0.10
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